氨法脱硫系统控制策略及算法研究
2020-06-07马立克李金
马立克 李金



摘要:氨法脱硫技术是采用氨(NH3)作为吸收剂除去烟气SO2的工艺,是控制酸雨和SO2污染最为有效和环保的湿法烟气脱硫工艺技术之一。在氨法脱硫技术的设备中,由于存在传感器检测过程的延时问题,传统的脱硫控制系统采取PID控制无法解决该问题。运用合理的控制策略与先进控制算法相结合的方式,更加精确的投放液氨流量,不仅提高了SO2的控制精度,还降低了烟气粉尘的含量。显著地改善了烟气氨法脱硫控制系统的动态性能,有较好的应用价值。
关键词:氨法脱硫系统;先进控制;控制策略
中图分类号:TP311 文献标识码:A
文章编号:1009-3044(2020)35-0230-03
开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):
Research on Control Strategy and Algorithm of Ammonia Desulfurization System
MA Li-ke1, LI Jin2
(1. Coal to Liquid Branch, Ningxia Coal Industry Co., Ltd., Yinchuan 750411, China; 2. Beijing Heroopsys Co.,Ltd., Beijing 100096, China)
Abstract: Ammonia desulfurization technology is a process that uses ammonia (NH3) as an absorbent to remove flue gas SO2. It is one of the most effective and environmentally friendly wet flue gas desulfurization technology for controlling acid rain and SO2 pollution.In the ammonia desulphurization technology equipment, due to the time delay problem in the detection process of sensors, the traditional desulphurization control system which adopts PID control can't solve the problem. Using a combination of reasonable control strategies and advanced control algorithms to deliver liquid ammonia flow more accurately, not only improves the control accuracy of SO2, but also reduces the content of flue gas dust. The proposed method significantly improves the dynamic performance of the control system of ammonia desulphurization of flue gas, and has better application value.
Key words: ammonia desulphurization system; advanced control; control strategy
1 引言
煤制油动力厂现有10台煤粉锅炉,分别配10套氨法脱硫装置。氨法脱硫工艺以其反应速率快、吸收剂利用率高、脱硫效率高以及适应性强等优点逐步得以推广。但氨法脱硫对于液氨流量的精准控制却是个技术难题,液氨流量偏小SO2排放无法达标,液氨流量过量会导致氨逃逸和粉尘增加,出现“白烟”现象[1],同时增加了消耗。
2 工艺现状分析
锅炉引风机出来的高温烟气进入多功能烟气脱硫塔浓缩段,后经吸收区,经过吸收反应后的大部分SO2被脱除。吸收SO2后烟气经过一级除雾器对烟气进行中的水气及颗粒物进行捕集,烟气进入脱硫塔洗涤区通过工艺水喷淋对烟气中夹带的颗粒物及逃逸氨进行洗涤,洗涤后的净烟气经二级除雾器和除沫器除去烟气中携带的液沫和雾滴,净烟气由脱硫塔顶部送入烟囱排放。……
