中职物联网毕业生职业发展路径调查研究
2020-06-04王刚徐卫卫
王刚 徐卫卫



摘 要: 为了进一步明确面向中职物联网专业毕业生的工作岗位群、职业发展空间、岗位晋升等,促进专业内涵建设。该研究抽样调查浙江27家典型物联网企业、6所院校的中职物联网专业毕业生,得出80%毕业生的职场发展空间受限;学历、人际交流能力及专业技能是职场晋升的较大障碍;销售、技术研发及项目经理是绝大多数人的职位诉求。建议据此优化人才培养方案,推进“核心素养”、“1+X”改革,落实教育质量提升,以解毕业生职场之困。
关键词: 物联网; 抽样调查; 职业发展; 核心素养; 1+X证书
Abstract: In order to further clarify the dimensions of job groups, career development space, and job promotion for graduates of the Internet of Things specialty in secondary vocational schools, and promote the construction of professional connotation,a sampling survey of 27 typical IoT companies in Zhejiang and vocational graduates of IoT specialty in 6 colleges and universities in Zhejiang is carried out, finding that 80% of graduates have limited career development space; Education, interpersonal communication and professional skills are the major obstacles to career advancement; Sales, R & D and project managers are the job demands of most people. It is recommended to optimize the human training plan accordingly, promote the reform of "core literacy" and "1+X", and improve the quality of education, so as to solve the difficulties of graduates in the workplace.
Key words: Internet of Things; sampling survey; career development; core literacy; 1+X certificate
1 調查背景
1.1 物联网人才需求归类
物联网人才按需求类型分成三大类:研究型人才、工程应用型人才和技能型人才[1]。研究型人才应具有较完备的知识结构,开放的意识、国际视野,具有自主学习及获取信息的能力;工程应用型人才在掌握知识理论的同时,要具有工程技术应用能力;技能型人才应该了解物联网基础知识、业务知识,更要提高技术应用能力、沟通交流能力及管理能力。而中职学校定位于培育新时代技能型人才,直接服务于本地(数字)经济发展。
1.2 浙江省物联网产业群规模可观,为毕业生稳定就业树立保障
《浙江省物联网产业“十三五”规划》指明了浙江省物联网产业的发展规划及布局,目前已经形成了“一核、三区、多点”产业形态。“一核”为杭州。以高新区国家级物联网产业示范基地为核心。“三区”为宁波、温州、嘉兴。宁波以物联网在智慧城市和中国制造“2025”试点示范城市建设中的应用为核心;温州打造成为应用物联网推进两化深度融合发展的全国示范城市;嘉兴打造成为物联网应用研发与生产制造全面协同的全国示范城市。……
