面部整形术后水肿的治疗进展
2020-06-01郝嘉宁张宝林
郝嘉宁 张宝林
[摘要]面部整形术后常伴有水肿出现,阻碍创伤恢复,增加患者痛苦,但因其产生机制多、过程复杂,治疗颇为棘手。近几年外科医生不断探索治疗面部整形术后水肿的有效方法,笔者回顾了国内外相关文献,主要包括冷疗、压力、激光、类固醇及药物等治疗方法,本文对其进行归纳总结,探讨其治疗机制及临床疗效, 试图探寻有效治疗面部整形术后水肿的方法。
[关键词]面部整形术;水肿;冷疗;压力;激光;类固醇;药物疗法
[中图分类号]R622 [文献标志码]A [文章编号]1008-6455(2020)05-0183-03
Abstract: Facial plastic surgery is often accompanied by edema,which hinders the recovery of wound and increases the pain of patients. However, due to its multiple mechanisms and complex process, the treatment is rather difficult. In recent years,surgeons have been exploring the effective methods to cure the postoperative edema of facial plastic surgery. We reviewed relevant literatures from domestic and abroad, which includes cold therapy, pressure,laser,steroids, drugs and other treatments. This paper summarized those methods,investigated their therapeutic mechanism and clinical effects, and attempted to explore the effective treatments to cure postoperative edema of facial plastic surgery.
Key words:acial plastic surgery; edema; fcold therapy; pressure ; laser; steroid; drug treatment
当今社会,由于对美的追求,就医者对整形美容的需求逐渐增大。而通过手术可以快速、有效地达到较为理想的面部整形效果,故面部整形手术已成为一种极为普遍的整形美容方法,属于外科手术的一种。对于任何外科手术,术后的水肿都是一个令人头疼的问题,其机制现多被认为是一个核心为炎症反应的微循环系统紊乱,手术后血管中血液凝集,血小板脱颗粒,与巨噬细胞一起释放出大量细胞因子,这些细胞因子通过对炎症反应的介导, 引起白细胞游出,产生对表皮细胞、血管内皮细胞等细胞的趋化作用,间接作用于手术后的机体, 使机体发生一系列反应, 最终产生肿胀[1]。
而面部整形术由于创伤出血、组织液外渗、淋巴回流不畅及面部自身组织疏松,血管及淋巴管丰富等原因往往在术后形成严重的面部肿胀。有研究表明女性面部软组织较男性更为疏松,术后肿胀也更为常见[2]。……
