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[摘要]目的：探究口腔精细护理对固定正畸矫治患者牙龈指数及牙釉质脱矿的影响。方法：选取笔者医院接受固定正畸矫治的378例患者，随机分为对照组和观察组，每组189例。对照组予以常规口腔护理，观察组予以口腔精细护理，随访6个月，比较两组患者托槽脱落率，牙龈指数（GI）、牙釉质脱矿指数（EDI）及牙菌斑指数。结果：观察组托槽脱落率为3.17%，明显低于对照组（12.70%），差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。护理1个月后，观察组患者GI和EDI水平均明显低于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。护理1月后、6个月后观察组牙菌斑指数较护理前明显降低，且治疗6个月后观察组牙菌斑指数明显低于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：口腔精细护理能够有效改善固定正畸矫治患者牙龈健康情况，降低GI，减少牙釉质脱矿情况的发生。

[关键词]口腔精细护理;常规口腔护理;固定正畸矫治;牙龈指数;牙釉质脱矿指数;牙菌斑指数

[中图分类号]R473.78    [文献标志码]B    [文章编号]1008-6455（2020）05-0171-03

Abstract： Objective  To explore the effect on gingival index and enamel demineralization in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment using fine oral care. Methods  378 patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment in our hospital were selected and randomly divided into the control group and the observation group， with 189 cases in each group. The control group received routine oral care， while the observation group received fine oral care. The patients were followed up for 6 months. The bracket loss rate， gingival index （GI）， enamel demineralization index （EDI） and plaque index were compared between the two groups. Results  The rate of bracket detachment in the observation group was 3.17%， significantly lower than that in the control group （12.70%）， the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. After one month of nursing， the levels of GI and EDI in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group（P<0.05）. After one month and 6 months of nursing， the plaque index in the observation group was significantly lower than those before nursing， and after 6 months of treatment， the plaque index in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group（P<0.05）.  Conclusion  Fine oral care can effectively improve the gingival health of patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment， reduce GI and reduce enamel demineralization.

Key words： fine oral care; routine oral care; fixed orthodontic treatment; gingival index; enamel demineralization index; plaque index

固定正畸矯治是指利用矫正器对牙齿进行校正，解除错牙合畸形，以达到美观牙齿的作用[1]。固定正畸矫治治疗期间常发生托槽脱落、牙齿脱矿、牙周疾病等情况，严重影响矫治效果[2]，采取正确的护理方式能够大大提高正畸矫治效果，但常规口腔护理对患者依从性要求高，且目前进行正畸矫治的患者大多为青少年，自律性较差，常规的口腔护理难以达到良好的效果[3]。而口腔精细护理通过定期回访患者矫治及口腔健康情况，督促患者遵循医嘱，能够弥补常规护理的不足之处[4]。本次研究设立对照组和观察组，分别实行常规口腔护理和口腔精细护理，比较两组患者的托槽脱落率、牙龈炎症、牙釉质脱矿情况及牙菌斑数，为指导固定正畸矫治患者的口腔护理工作提供新的依据。

1  资料和方法

1.1 一般资料：选取2017年8月-2018年8月于笔者医院接受固定正畸矫治的患者378例，随机分为对照组和观察组，每组189例。……