黄媛 李瑜玲 杨英茹 高欣娜 武猛 李海杰

摘 要：温室雨水收集系统可集中利用天然雨水，经过简单处理进行农业灌溉，在冀中南地区夏季降雨量大而地下水资源匮乏的情况下其经济价值和生态价值尤为突出。石家庄市农林科学研究院位于石家庄市区北三环附近，处于市区与正定新区的连接线上，同时毗邻太平河风景区，区位优势明显，该研究院有2座现代化连栋温室，以该温室为研究对象，设计一套雨水收集系统和水肥一体化系统，可达到节水减肥、降低人工成本、缓解区域地下水超采问题、保持该区域的水土环境资源的目的。

关键词：雨水收集;设施温室;水肥一体化;水资源

中图分类号：S24 文献标识码：A文章编号：1006-060X（2020）03-0074-03

Abstract： Greenhouse rainwater collection system can centrally utilize natural rainwater and carry out agricultural irrigation through simple treatment. Its economic and ecological values are especially prominent in areas where water resources are relatively scarce. Shijiazhuang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science is located near the North Third Ring Road of Shijiazhuang City， on the connecting line between the city and Zhengding new district， and is adjacent to Taiping River scenic area， its location advantage is obvious. The research institute covers an area of 53.1 hectares， including two modern multi-span greenhouses. This project takes the greenhouses as the research object to design a rainwater collection system and a water and fertilizer integration system for the goals of saving water and reducing fertilization， cutting labor costs， alleviating the problem of groundwater overexploitation in the region， and maintaining the water and soil environment resources in the region.

Key words： rainwater collection; greenhouse facilities; water and fertilizer integration; water resources

石家莊市是河北省的省会，位于河北省中南部，处于温带季风气候区，四季寒暑分明，夏季降雨量大，可占全年降水量的60%～70%。2018年石家庄市全市平均降水509.2 mm，同时伴有阶段性干旱与局地暴雨频发的特点。冀中南地区地下水资源匮乏，地下漏斗情况严重，石家庄地区东部各平原县是传统的农业产粮大县，地下水超采现象更为严重[1]。石家庄市农林科学研究院位于石家庄市区北三环附近，处于市区与正定新区的连接线上，毗邻太平河风景区，区位优势显著，是城市北部太平河景区绿色长廊中的一部分。研究院占地面积53.1 hm2，以小麦试验地和棉花试验地为主，其中建有2个现代化连栋温室，总面积5 401.6 m2，年耗水量约为6 000 t，现为高山杜鹃及设施蔬菜的科研试验用地。……