孤独症谱系障碍的代谢干预研究进展
2020-05-08陈晓萍章小雷
陈晓萍 章小雷
【摘要】 孤独症谱系障碍(Autism spectrum disorder,ASD)是一种严重的发育障碍性疾病,其发病率在过去十年持续上升。除了药物治疗外,近几年来非药物治疗的方法越来越多,其中包括特殊饮食和补充剂在内的代谢干预,通常用于ASD的儿童。然而,这些干预措施如何影响代谢功能或ASD的核心症状确鲜为人知。本文就国内外相关文献加以概述,探讨了ASD核心症状中代谢的可能直接和间接作用,以及代谢功能障碍和营养缺乏的证据。同时还讨论了ASD患儿使用的一些最流行的饮食和补充剂,从而为ASD的防治提供一些新思路。
【关键词】 孤独症谱系障碍 饮食 补充剂 代谢干预
Progress in Metabolic Intervention of Autism Spectrum Disorder/CHEN Xiaoping, ZHANG Xiaolei. //Medical Innovation of China, 2020, 17(10): -172
[Abstract] Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a serious developmental disorder that has been increasing over the past decade. In addition to medical treatment, there have been more and more non-pharmacological treatments in recent years. Metabolic interventions, including special diets and supplements, are commonly used in children with ASD. However, how these interventions affect metabolic function or the core symptoms of ASD is rarely known. This article provides an overview of relevant literature at home and abroad, exploring possible direct and indirect effects of metabolism in ASD core symptoms, as well as evidence of metabolic dysfunction and nutritional deficiencies. Some of the most popular diets and supplements used in children with ASD were also discussed to provide some new ideas for the prevention and treatment of ASD.
[Key words] Autism spectrum disorder Diet Supplements Metabolic intervention
First-authors address: Graduate School of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524000, China
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2020.10.042
孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)是指一组神经发育障碍,包括自闭症,阿斯伯格综合征(AS)和无特殊说明的广泛性发育障碍(PDD-NOS),ASD的新诊断标准侧重于两个核心领域:社交沟通障碍和受限制的利益/重复行为[1]。在过去的二十年中,自闭症的患病率一直在稳步上升,目前估计36例儿童中有1例患此病,其中男孩患ASD的风险比女孩高4倍[2]。ASD是一种多因素疾病,由环境、免疫、遗传和表观遗传因素等相互作用引起。现阶段,由于孤独症谱系障碍的病因尚未明确,治疗主要限于医学和精神病合并症的症状管理,包括癫痫发作、焦虑、注意力缺陷、睡眠障碍和胃肠道问题[3]。ASD的疗法包括药物和非药物干预。本文就孤独症谱系障碍的代谢干预研究进展进行如下阐述,旨在为临床提高对该病的诊治水平提供参考。
1 代谢对孤独症谱系障碍行为的影响……p>
