李洪雪　李世武　孙文财　杨志发

摘   要：为了探究悬架性能和鞍座结构参数对铰接车辆操纵稳定性的影响，提出了一种在半挂车单轴悬架上应用的抗侧倾液压互联系统. 首先建立了半挂车单轴抗侧倾液压互联悬架频域模型并通过侧倾位移传递函数验證了该模型的有效性，同时依据复模态振动理论获得悬架的等效刚度和等效阻尼. 在此基础上，建立了包含鞍座特性的铰接车辆耦合液压互联悬架模型实现仿真模拟. 结果表明，鞍座刚度参数均不考虑时，该液压互联悬架系统只能单一地提升半挂车的侧倾稳定性;考虑鞍座侧倾刚度参数时，该系统下的牵引车和半挂车的侧倾、横摆稳定性以及整车的协调稳定性均得到提升，且增大鞍座横摆刚度和减小鞍座牵引点至半挂车距离，提升效果愈显著. 所得结果为安装液压互联悬架铰接车辆的优化设计提供理论依据.

关键词：液压互联悬架（HIS）;铰接车辆;鞍座特性;操纵稳定性;优化设计

中图分类号：U469.5                              文献标志码：A

Abstract：In order to explore the influence of suspension performance and saddle structure parameters on the handling stability of articulated vehicles，an anti-roll hydraulically interconnected system was proposed for single-axle semi-trailer suspension. Firstly，the frequency domain model of single-axle hydraulically interconnected suspension was established and verified by the roll displacement transfer function. At the same time，effective stiffness and damping were obtained according to the theory of complex mode vibration. On this basis，an articulated vehicle coupling Hydraulically Interconnected Suspension（HIS） model with saddle characteristics was presented to conduct the simulation. The results show that the hydraulically interconnected suspension system can only enhance the roll stability of the semi-trailer when the saddle stiffness parameters are not taken into account. When the roll stiffness parameters of the saddle are considered，the roll stability，yaw stability and coordination stability of the tractor and semi-trailer under the HIS system are improved，and the improvement effect is more significant when the yaw stiffness of the saddle is increased or the distance between the saddle and mass center of the semi-trailer is reduced. The results provide a theoretical basis for the design optimization of the articulated vehicle fitted with hydraulically interconnected suspension.

Key words：Hydraulically Interconnected Suspension（HIS）;articulated vehicle;saddle characteristics;handling stability;design optimization

相对于单体货物运输车辆而言，铰接式牵引-半挂车具有质心高、承载重量大及鞍座参数复杂的特点，使得其在高速变道工况下行驶极容易发生折叠、侧翻的车身失稳现象[1]. 近十年来用于提高车辆稳定性的液压互联悬架（HIS）先后在越野车上和乘用车上被国内外学者[2-4]深度研究. 文献[5]中采用非线性有限元方法，实现了耦合的机械液压互联悬架系统的频域模型推导……