郭文磊 冯莉 吴丹丹 田兴山

摘要：为明确稻田常用苗后茎叶处理剂混合使用对常见杂草防效的影响，采用温室盆栽法测定了氰氟草酯、唑酰草胺分别与灭草松、氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯混用对杂草的鲜重防效，并用Gowing法判断其联合作用类型。结果表明，灭草松可降低氰氟草酯对稗草和马唐及唑酰草胺对牛筋草和马唐的防效，氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯可提高氰氟草酯对稗草和马唐及唑酰草胺对马唐的防效，氰氟草酯和唑酰草胺对灭草松或氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯防控丁香蓼的防效无明显影响。灭草松与氰氟草酯或唑酰草胺混用对稗草、牛筋草、马唐和丁香蓼的联合作用类型为加成或拮抗作用;氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯与氰氟草酯或唑酰草胺混用对稗草、牛筋草、马唐和丁香蓼的联合作用类型为加成或增效作用。

关键词：氰氟草酯;唑酰草胺;灭草松;氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯;混用;联合作用

中图分类号：S451  文献标志码：A  文章编号：1003-935X（2020）02-0075-04

Abstract：Greenhouse bioassays were conducted to determine the efficacy of combinations of cyhalofop-butyl or metamifop and bentazone or fluoroxypyr-methyl according to the Gowing method. Bentazone reduced the efficacy （based on fresh weight） of cyhalofop-butyl on Echinochloa crus-galli and Digitaria sanguinalis and that of metamifop on Eleusine indica and D. sanguinalis. In contrast，fluoroxypyr-methyl increased the efficacy of cyhalofop-butyl on E. crus-galli and D. sanguinalis and that of metamifop on D. sanguinalis. Neither cyhalofop-butyl nor metamifop significantly influenced the efficacy of fluoroxypyr-methyl or bentazone to Ludwigia prostrate. The interaction between bentazone and cyhalofop-butyl or metamifop was additive or antagonistic to E. crusgalli，E. indica，D. sanguinalis and L. prostrate. The combination of fluoroxypyr-methyl with cyhalofop-butyl or metamifop was additive or synergistic to E. crus-galli，E. indica，D. sanguinalis and L. prostrate.

Key words：cyhalofop-butyl;metamifop;bentazone;fluroxypyr-meptyl;mixture;combined effect

我國稻田杂草种类众多，年发生面积约2 000万hm2，且随着栽培方式的改变，杂草群落结构发生变化，一些旱生恶性杂草如马唐、牛筋草等侵入稻田，造成稻田危害逐渐加重[1-5]。由于稻田杂草发生量大、发生种类多，通常需要使用苗后茎叶处理剂来控制草害。氰氟草酯和唑酰草胺是苗后防除稻田禾本科杂草的常用除草剂，对稗草、千金子、牛筋草、马唐等多种禾本科杂草有良好的防效[6]，灭草松和氯氟吡氧乙酸异辛酯则常用来苗后防除稻田阔叶杂草[7]。……