包装材料表面超疏液性能耐久性及其提高方法
2020-02-21何迪
何迪

摘要:海量油墨、涂料、油漆、胶粘剂、沥青等的包装金属桶罐由于内部粘附属于危险固废且难于处理。酸奶、果酱、牙膏等的包装由于粘附不便于分类回收。材料表面超疏液性能源于表面微纳多级粗糙结构和低表面能。制约超疏液材料应用的瓶颈是表面微纳结构制备工艺复杂和力学强度低导致的耐久性差。本文总结提出了增强超疏液性能耐久性的四类技术方法:具有自我修复功能的超疏表面,SLIPS表面,具有形状记忆的微纳结构和提高表面微纳结构本身的力学强度。具有良好耐久性的包装材料有广阔的应用空间,可以解决包装废弃物回收和利用的关键难题。
关键词:超疏液表面;耐久性;粘附;包装材料
中图分类号:TB484 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1400 (2020) 01-0048-04
The Durability of The Surface Super-Amphiphobic Performance of Package Materials and Its Improvement Ways
HE Di(Guangxi Zhenlong Tianrui Color Printing Packaging Co., Ltd, Guangxi 530007,China)
Abstract: Since the adhesion, massive used packaging metal barrels for ink, coating, paint, adhesive, asphalt, etc are certified as hazardous solid waste, and they are difficult to dispose. The same reason, packaging of yoghurt, jam, toothpaste, etc are inconvenient for classified recycling. The surface superamphiphobic performance is originated from surface micro nano multistage rough structure and small surface energy. It is the bottleneck restricting for the application of super-amphiphobic materials that the high manufacturing cost and the poor mechanical strength of surface micro nano multistage rough structure. In this paper, the improvement ways to enhance the durability of surface superamphiphobic performance are summarized. They are: superhydrophobic surface with self-healing function, SLIPS(Slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces), micro nano structure with shape memory and enhancement the mechanical strength of surface micro nano multistage rough structure itself. Package materials with good durability of the surface super-amphiphobic performance has broad application space and can solve the key problems of packaging waste recycling and utilization.
Keywords: surface super-amphiphobic performance; durability; adhesion; packaging materials
1 超疏液表面研究現状
固体表面的润湿性,常用液滴在固体表面上形成的接触角的大小来衡量。通常,把固体与液滴的接触角小于90°的表面称为亲液表面,接触角大于90°的表面称为疏液表面,而把接触角小于5°的表面称为超亲液表面,接触角大于150°的表面称为超疏液表面。
构筑类似于荷叶表面、昆虫复眼、蝶翅、水蜢脚的二级微纳结构实现材料表面的超疏水性能已有广泛的研究。固体表面润湿超疏行为的理论模型有Wenzel[1]和Cassie-Baxter模型[2]。材料表面的疏水性能主要源于表面微纳结构和表面低能化,这些基础理论研究成果是指导超疏水表面微纳结构设计的理论基础。其中表面微纳结构趋向于复杂化和微纳多尺度化,以最大程度地减少固液接触面。……
