赵丽莉　郭纪嘉

[摘 要]促进军民科技成果专利互转旨在促进军民间技术资源的优化配置、转移扩散和合理共享，这是军民融合协同创新的重要环节，亦是推动军民融合深度发展的重要因素。我国军民科技成果转化虽取得了一定成果，但依旧存在因固有的军民专利研发理念的差异，以及军民专利信息交流不对称、专利安全系数的差异而造成的转化壁垒问题。基于军民融合的背景和特点以及我国目前的国情，认为确立军民科技成果专利两用常态化理念、加强线上线下专利信息交流和提高国防专利解密的及时性和有效评估，可以有效破除军民科技成果转化的壁垒，从而促进我国军民融合的进一步发展。

[关键词]军民融合;专利转化;信息交流;安全系數;解密评估

[中图分类号]G306.3 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]1671-8372（2020）04-0030-06

On the barriers to patent transfers of military and civilian scientific and technological achievements and its breakthrough countermeasures

ZHAO Li-li，GUO Ji-jia

（Intellectual Property School，Shandong University of Science and Technology，Qingdao 266590，China）

Abstract：The purpose of promoting the patent exchange of military and civilian scientific and technological achievements is to promote the optimal allocation，transfer and diffusion，and reasonable sharing technology resources between the military and the civilian. This is an important link in the collaborative innovation of military and civilian integration，as well as an important factor to promo the in-depth development of military and civilian integration. Although some achievements have been made in the transformation of military and civilian scientific and technological achievements in China，there are still barriers to transformation caused by inherent differences in military and civilian patent research and development concepts，asymmetry information exchange between military and civilian patents，and differences in patent safety factors. Based on the background and characteristics of the military and civilian integration and Chinas current national conditions，it is believed that establishing the concept of normalizing the dual-used patents of military and civilian scientific and technological achievements，strengthening the online and offline patent information exchange，and improving the timeliness and effective evaluation of national defense patent decryption can effectively break down the barriers to the transformation of military and civilian scientific and technological achievements and promote the further development of Chinas military and civilian integration.

Key words：military and civilian integration; patent transformation; information exchange; safety factor; decryption assessment

一、引言

军民融合发展是我国在全面深化改革背景下提出的重要战略。2015年3月12日习近平在十二届全国人大三次会议解放军代表团全体会议上正式把军民融合发展上升为国家战略，2017年10月18日，习近平在中国共产党第十九次全国代表大会上的报告中指出：“坚持富国和强军相统一，强化统一领导、顶层设计、改革创新和重大项目落实，深化国防科技工业改革，形成军民融合深度发展格局，构建一体化的国家战略体系和能力。”2017年8月科技部、军委科技委联合印发“十三五”科技军民融合发展专项规划，进一步推动我国军民融合事业的发展。……