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2015—2018年郴州某综合医院抗酸染色结果分析

2019-12-09何志雄李木兰蒋显勇欧阳丹明陈婕

中国卫生产业 2019年27期
关键词:检测

何志雄 李木兰 蒋显勇 欧阳丹明 陈婕

[摘要] 目的 根据2015—2018年某综合医院抗酸染色阳性检出情况,了解该地区结核病发展情况,为预防结核病的传播和流行提供科学依据。方法 回顾性地分析4年时间内临床送检标本抗酸染色阳性检出率及基本情况分析。结果 4年时间共检测标本8 923份,阳性标本75份,抗酸染色阳性检出率分别为4.5‰,4.9‰,13.7‰,9.8‰。阳性标本中男性占72.0%,女性占28.0%,40岁以上患者阳性占89.0%。结论 该院抗酸染色阳性检出率有上升趋势,标本数量有增加趋势,以中老年人为主。

[关键词] 结核杆菌;抗酸染色;检测

[中图分类号] R19 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1672-5654(2019)09(c)-0184-03

[Abstract] Objective To understand the development of tuberculosis in this area according to the positive detection of acid-fast staining in a general hospital in from 2015 to 2018, and to provide a scientific basis for preventing the spread and epidemic of tuberculosis. Methods The positive detection rate and basic analysis of anti-acid staining in clinical specimens were analyzed retrospectively within 4 years. Results A total of 8 923 specimens were detected in 4 years, and 75 positive samples were detected. The positive detection rates of acid-fast staining were 4.5‰, 4.9‰, 13.7‰, 9.8‰. Males accounted for 72.0% of the positive samples, 28.0% of the females, and 89.0% of the patients over the age of 40. Conclusion The positive rate of acid-fast staining in this hospital has an increasing trend, specimens number has increased, mainly for middle-aged and elderly people.

[Key words] Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Acid-fast staining; Exam

結核病是由结核杆菌感染引起的一种传染性疾病。临床表现有全身不适、体重减轻、月经不调、盗汗和发热等。世界卫生组织(WHO)最新统计表明,全世界每年发生结核病 800~1 000万,每年死于结核病的患者约有 300万[1]。我国为结核病疫情最严重的国家之一,随着人口流动和耐药,目前已经在中国部分地区呈现出上升的趋势。在临床工作中早期诊断结核疾病有一定困难,由于免疫抑制剂的应用、艾滋病及结核耐药菌株出现,与其他疾病相比早期结核临床症状不典型,易引起临床漏诊或误诊为肿瘤性疾病,结核的早期诊断对临床诊治具有十分重要意义。抗酸染色法操作简单,检测时间短,是诊断结核有效的方法。研究和分析综合医院抗酸染色阳性检出情况对于调查肺结核流行趋势是重要的数据补充,为临床医师提高结核分支杆菌感染疾病的诊断率提供实验室数据,对开展有针对性的健康教育及早期治疗有重要意义,报道如下。……

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