宁夏部分女性对宫颈癌及其疫苗的认知情况与接种意愿调查分析
2019-10-21牛萌肖冬梅刘国莲何旭文陈红刘赟赟
牛萌 肖冬梅 刘国莲 何旭文 陈红 刘赟赟


【摘 要】 目的:了解宁夏部分女性对宫颈癌及HPV疫苗(Human Papillomavirs,HPV)的认知现状与接种意愿,分析影响接种HPV疫苗的因素,为本区更好地开展HPV疫苗接种、预防宫颈癌的发生提供参考依据。方法:采用便利抽样法选取宁夏地区五个市的325例女性进行问卷调查。结果:325例调查者中,37.23%的女性对宫颈癌的了解程度为一般了解,32.31%的女性为很少了解;39.08%的女性听说过HPV疫苗;有72.62%的女性愿意接种HPV疫苗。结论:宁夏部分女性对宫颈癌知识及HPV疫苗的知晓率较低,但接种意愿相对较强,而女性对宫颈癌知识的了解程度、疫苗的认知程度及疫苗的价格、地区的差异、文化程度、经济状况等均是影响其是否愿意接种的主要因素。
【关键词】 宫颈癌;HPV疫苗;接种意愿;认知程度
[Abstract] Objective:To investigate the knowledge and attitudes towards cervical carcinoma and human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines of part of woman in Ningxia, and analyze the influencing factors of vaccinate against human papillomavirus in order to provide reference for vaccinate in Ningxia.Methods: 325 women from five cities in Ningxia were selected through convenience sampling. Results: Less awareness rates of cervical carcinoma were 37.23%, and 39.08% women heard the HPV vaccine.72.62% of women were willing to get vaccinated.Conclusion: The cognitive levels of women to cervical carcinoma were relatively low, but willingness of vaccinate were relatively high. Knowledge of cervical carcinoma and HPV vaccine, the price of HPV vaccine, the difference of region, education level, and economic status were the main factors affecting their willingness to vaccinate.
[Key words]Cervical carcinoma; HPV vaccine; Vaccination willingness; Knowledge
宫颈癌已成为威胁全球女性生命安全的第二大恶性肿瘤[1]。全世界每年约有53万女性被确诊为宫颈癌,约27万人死亡[2]。而我国作为全世界最大的发展中国家,每年约有13万女性患有宫颈癌,占世界新发病例总数的1/4左右。虽然近年来我国积极推进宫颈癌筛查与防治工作,但其发病率和死亡率均呈现上升趋势,并处于较高水平,且发病年龄逐渐年轻化。当前我国大约有16.8%的女性感染了HPV,有70%~80%的女性一生中至少感染过一次HPV[3]。在HPV暴露前为年轻女性接种HPV疫苗,能够有效降低宫颈癌的发生率,也是目前公认的能够减轻宫颈癌负担的最好方法[4]。目前全球范围内已上市3种HPV预防性疫苗,即2价疫苗(Cervarix)、4价疫苗(Gardasil)和9价疫苗(Gradasil-9)[5]。……
