混菌固态发酵菜籽粕生产饲用复合酶发酵条件研究
2019-10-21温拥军游玟娟
温拥军 游玟娟



摘 要:为了提高混菌发酵菜籽粕产饲用复合酶的产量,对混菌组合和配比进行研究,采用响应面法对其发酵条件进行了研究。结果表明:最佳菌种组合及配比为枯草芽孢杆菌、毛霉、酵母菌(1:1:1);在单因素实验基础上,以饲用复合酶活力为指标,进行Box-Behnken设计,获得最佳发酵条件为:发酵温度35.6℃,时间68h,接种量为9.62%,该条件下饲用复合酶的产量达到5764 U/g,比未优化前提高了3.4%。
关键词:菜籽粕;固态发酵;混菌;饲用复合酶;发酵条件;优化
Abatract:In order to improve the yield of feed compound enzyme from rapeseed meal fermented by mixed bacteria, the combination and proportion of mixed bacteria were studied, and the fermentation conditions were studied by response surface method. The results showed that the best combination and proportion of strains were Bacillus subtilis, Mucor and S.cerevisiae (1:1:1);The optimal fermentation technology was obtained as following:fermentation temperature 35.6℃, time 68h, inoculation amount 9.62%. Under this condition, the yield of fitted model was 5764U/ g, which increased 3.4% compared with the original conditions.
Key words:rapeseed meal;solid-state fermentation;mixed bacteria;feed compound enzyme;fermentation condition;optimization
菜籽粕是油菜籽經预压浸出工艺处理后得到的副产物,富含有蛋白质、粗纤维等营养组分,Ca2+、Mg2+等矿物质,以及维生素B、胆碱等维生素,菜籽粕经脱毒处理后是制作牲畜与家禽饲料的主要原料,还可以用于制作食品、化妆品和抗菌素原料[1-3]。饲用复合酶是一种饲料添加剂,主要由水解酶组成,包括淀粉酶、蛋白酶、脂肪酶、植酸酶、纤维素酶、木聚糖酶、果胶酶、β-葡聚糖酶、甘露聚糖酶等[4-5]。添加复合酶能补充动物体内源酶的不足,消除饲料中的抗营养因子,释放营养物质,显著提高饲料的利用率,改善动物的生产性能等[6-7]。
目前国内外对菜籽粕研究报道较多,主要集中在脱毒、灭菌条件、以及作为饲料组分等方面[8-9],对菜籽粕的综合利用报道较少。本实验利用混菌固态发酵菜籽粕生产饲用复合酶,并采用响应曲面法优化发酵条件,旨在提高酶产量,进一步降低生产成本,利用菜籽粕发酵生产饲用复合酶,对扩大菜籽粕的应用范围,促进其综合利用有重要意义。……
