任政菊 尹玲 唐浩 罗丹 王雨梅 陈美

【摘  要】为解决卧床患者下肢早期功能锻炼问题，作者研发了一种适用于卧床患者的下肢锻炼装置，包括沿横向设置的底板、支撑杆、带有脚踏的类似自行车旋转器和旋转器底座。带有脚踏的类似自行车旋转器固定于旋转器底座上，两个支撑杆的上端分别铰接于旋转器底座上，其中一支撑杆的下端通过铰接部铰接固定于底板的一端，另一支撑杆的下端通过铰接部铰接于连接板上，连接板可拆式地固定于底板上。底板上设置有调节孔使锻炼器与患者身高匹配，操作方便安全，适用范围广，能为患者提供有效的下肢功能锻炼，防止患者肌肉萎缩，促进患者早日康复，符合卧床患者早期康复锻炼理念。

【关键词】功能锻炼;锻炼器;护理创新

【中图分类号】R543      【文献标识码】A      【文章编号】1004-7484（2019）03-0238-02

【Abstract】In order to solve the problem of early functional exercise of lower extremities in bedridden patients， the author has developed a kind of lower extremity exercise device suitable for bed-rest patients， which includes the bottom plate， support bar and a bicycle-like rotator with a pedal and a rotator base are arranged along the transverse direction. The bicycle-like rotator with a pedal are fixed on the rotator base， and the upper ends of the two supporting rods are respectively connected to the rotator base. The lower end of one support rod is connected at one end of the bottom plate through a hinge part， and the lower end of the other support rod is hinged on the connection plate through the hinge part， which is detachable fixed on the bottom plate. An adjusting hole is designed on the bottom plate to match the height of patients. It is  safe and convenient to operate. In addition， it is widely applied. This lower extremity exercise device provides effective lower limb functional exercise for the patient who need a long-time bed rest. It not only prevent the patient from muscular atrophy but also promote the patient's early recovery， which accord with the idea of early rehabilitation and exercise for bed-lying patients.

【Key words】Functional exercise; Exerciser; Nursing innovation

重症及下肢骨折的患者，通常需要长时间卧床及减少活动，这不仅会增加患者形成ICU获得性衰弱的几率，也易发生下肢深静脉血栓，肌肉萎缩，关节僵硬，骨密度降低等并发症[1]。许多文献指出[2-4]，早期功能锻炼有助于加快下肢静脉回流，促进肌肉收缩，增加关节活动度，减少患者平均住院日及经济负担。为此，我科研制了一种下肢主动锻炼装置，可有效锻炼下肢关节及肌肉，已獲得国家实用新型专利，现报告如下：

1 材料及制作方法

锻炼器可分为底板、支架及旋转器三部分

1.1底板 为木质材质，尺寸：80×40×3cm。可分为两部分，前30cm为支架高低及抵板调节区，后50cm为支架固定区。……