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商用车白车身刚度影响因素分析

2019-10-21贺娜陈瑞峰

汽车实用技术 2019年12期
关键词:变形影响设计

贺娜 陈瑞峰

摘 要:文章通过对白车身刚度计算方法的分析,并结合大量试验来研究约束方式和挡风玻璃对商用车白车身刚度的影响。通过试验数据的分析可知:约束方式对商用车白车身扭转刚度和弯曲刚度基本无影响,刚度偏差值在5%以内。挡风玻璃对商用车白车身扭转刚度贡献大,刚度提升幅度可高达111%;对商用车白车身弯曲刚度贡献小,刚度提升幅度在5%以内。文章所得出的结论在一定程度上能够指导白车身刚度试验和修正白车身设计。

关键字:商用车;白车身;扭转刚度;弯曲刚度

中图分类号:U463.8  文献标识码:A  文章编号:1671-7988(2019)12-88-03

Abstract: In this paper, through the analysis of body-in-white stiffness calculation method, the influence of restraint mode and windshield on the stiffness of commercial vehicle body-in-white is studied combining with a lot of experiments. Through the analysis of the test data, it is found that the restraint mode has no effect on the torsional stiffness and bending stiffness of commercial vehicle body-in-white, and the stiffness deviation is less than 5%. The windshield has a great contribution to the torsional stiffness of commercial vehicle body-in-white, and the increase of the stiffness can be as high as 111%: the contribution of the windshield to the bending stiffness of commercial vehicle body-in-white is small, and the increase of the stiffness is less than 5%. In this paper, the conclusions obtained can guide the test of the body-in-white stiffness and modify the design of the body-in-white to a certain extent.

Keywords: Commercial Vehicle; Body-In-White; Torsional Stiffness; Bending Stiffness

引言

汽車白车身刚度是整车设计的一个关键指标,指的是车辆在外力作用下抵抗变形的能力。它是影响汽车关键性能的重要因素(如NWH、安全性、舒适性等性能),在车身设计阶段对刚度进行分析是必不可少的[1-2]。白车身刚度不足会造成车辆在行驶过程中驾驶室门框、窗框等变形较大,严重时会导致玻璃破碎,车门卡死,各部件产生共振和噪声,影响车辆的安全性和舒适性[3]。随着汽车工业的发展和人们对舒适性等要求的不断提高,商用车白车身刚度越来越受到重视。白车身刚度的获取方式主要有两种:一种是通过CAE的方式获得,在驾驶室设计的早期对驾驶室设计进行指导修正;一种是通过台架试验的方式获得,在驾驶室设计的后期对驾驶室设计进行验证和修正。在实际的操作过程中,由于驾驶室工工艺、制造水平、材料等因素的影响,台架试验获得的刚度值能更准确的验证指导白车身设计。……

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