侯钰

【摘 要】目的：分析血常规检验中常见误差的原因及解决策略。方法：将2018年1月至2018年12月在本院实施体检的150名受检者为调查对象，为其实施血常规检查，统计检验结果中误差标本数量，对比测定的时间、差异性保存温度下血小板和白细胞检测结果及不同抗凝剂浓度下红细胞比容。结果：150份检测标本中误差存在17份，误差出现率为11.33%。常见误差原因包含保存不当、抗凝剂不合格、采集时间不规范及送检时间过长等。在差异性的测定时间、保存温度下，获得的白细胞和血小板计数比较具有显著区别，包含统计学意义（p<0.05）。结论：血常规检验会受到储存方式、采集时间及患者个人因素等影响，致使误差的发生，需要提升临床研究重视程度，预防误差的发生。

【关键词】血常规检验;误差;临床检验

Abstract：Objective To analyze the causes and solutions of common errors in blood routine examination.Methods： 150 subjects who were examined in our hospital from January 2018 to December 2018 were investigated， and blood routine examination was carried out for them.The number of error samples in the test results was counted and the time of measurement was compared.The results of platelet and leukocyte detection and the specific volume of red blood cells at different anticoagulant concentrations were observed at different preservation temperatures.Results： there were 17 errors in 150 samples， and the error rate was 11.33%.The common causes of error include improper preservation， unqualified anticoagulant， unstandardized collection time and inspection.The time was too long.There were significant differences in white blood cell and platelet count between the two groups （p < 0.05） when the time of difference was measured and the temperature of preservation was lower than that of the control group （P < 0.05）.Conclusion： the blood routine test will be affected by the way of storage， collection time and individual factors of the patient， which lead to the occurrence of errors， so it is necessary to enhance the attention of clinical research and prevent the occurrence of errors.

【中圖分类号】R446【文献标识码】B【文章编号】1005-0019（2019）17-0-01

血常规检验为临床诊治中常用的方法，检测项目具体包含血小板、血红蛋白、白细胞以及红细胞等[1]。根据患者血液采集及检验的结果，对患者实施疾病的判断，对患者临床症状的早期发现、对症治疗影响较大[2]。血常规检验期间易于受到各类相关因素的影响，误差发生率较高。文章将2018年1月至2018年12月在本院实施体检的150名受检者为调查对象，结合分组调查的结果进行分析，数据与内容整理如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料 将2018年1月至2018年12月在本院实施体检的150名受检者为调查对象，患者中男女数量占比为80：70，年龄取值范围21-65岁，均数值为（41.74±2.56）岁。入选受检者均自愿参与，签署知情同意书。

1.2 方法

为其实施血常规检查，清晨空腹抽取外周静脉血2ml，全自动血液分析仪完成检验，将存在误差的样本取出，对其误差发生原因进行分析。……