颅内动脉瘤的治疗新进展
2019-09-18黄永旺
黄永旺
[摘要] 颅内动脉因先天发育异常、后天损伤等因素作用下导致局部血管壁损伤,临床形死亡率高。常见术式为显微手术夹闭、血管内栓塞等,疗效显著。随着医学发展在两种手术基础上催生了复合手术,临床治愈率提高,患者死亡率降低,患者生活质量进一步提升。该文通过收集近些年的文献资料对颅内动脉瘤的治疗进展进行总结,为进一步深入研究提供理论基础。
[关键词] 颅内动脉瘤;治疗;手术;介入;进展
[中图分类号] R5 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742(2019)06(c)-0192-04
[Abstract] The intracranial arteries cause local vascular wall damage due to congenital dysplasia and acquired injury, and the clinical mortality is high. Common surgical procedures are microsurgical clipping, endovascular embolization, etc., and the curative effect is remarkable. With the development of medicine on the basis of two kinds of surgery, combined surgery, the clinical cure rate is improved, the patient mortality rate is reduced, and the patient's quality of life is further improved. This article summarizes the progress in the treatment of intracranial aneurysms by collecting literature from recent years, and provides a theoretical basis for further research.
[Key words] Intracranial aneurysm; Treatment; Surgery; Intervention; Progress
临床好发疾病之一为脑血管疾病,最为常见疾病类型为颅内动脉瘤,该病临床发病率仅次于高血压脑出血、脑梗死,常见临床症状表现为自发性蛛网膜下腔出血(SAH)。临床相关统计学结果显示,该病每年发病率达到6~10/10万人,传统治疗措施为开颅动脉瘤夹闭术,但缺点为损伤大、术后并发症多等,而血管内介入治疗则具有损伤小、疗效好、恢复快等优势成为治疗颅内动脉瘤的主要手段之一[1]。现代微创技术不断发展,神经介入治疗技术、显微外科血管吻合技术发展,现阶段临床对颅内动脉瘤的治疗遵循脑血流重建为主导的治疗模式,以开颅夹闭术、介入栓塞术为主,逐渐向复合手术、杂交手术发展[2]。文章就颅内动脉瘤相关治疗措施进行以下总结。
1 開颅手术治疗颅内动脉瘤的进展
1.1 锁孔在颅内动脉瘤手术中的应用
20世纪70年代发展至今,动脉瘤开颅术式中锁孔入路操作方式逐渐应用于临床之中。……
