林巍

Passage 1

习近平谈互联网

[1] 互联网是一个社会信息大平台，亿万网民在上面获得信息、交流信息，这会对他们的求知途径、思维方式、价值观念产生重要影响，特别是会对他们对国家、对社会、对工作、对人生的看法产生重要影响。

[2] 网民来自老百姓，老百姓上了网，民意也就上了网。[3] 各级党政机关和领导干部要学会通过网络与民众保持联系，经常上网看看，聊聊天、发发声，了解公众所思所愿，收集好想法好建议，积极回应网民关切、解疑释惑。

[4] 网民大多数是普通群众，来自各行各业，各自经历不同，观点和想法肯定是五花八门的，不能要求他们对所有问题都看得那么准、说得那么对。[5] 要多一些包容和耐心，对建设性意见要及时吸纳，对有困难的人要及时帮助，对不了解情况的要及时宣介，对模糊认识要及时廓清，对怨气怨言要及时化解，对错误看法要及时引导和纠正。

（《习近平谈治国理政》（第二卷）一书中相关的论述——《建设网络良好生态，发挥网络引导舆论、反映民意的作用》——节选自习近平2016年4月19日网络安全和信息化工作座谈会上讲话内容。）

【译析】

[1]中，“社会信息大平台”可译成a large social information platform，但就其广泛性而言，其中的“大”，可用broad，义为extending a great distance in all directions。“在上面获得信息、交流信息”似可用through which… acquire and exchange information，其实可作精简，并在词序上以英文表达习惯做些调整。如：The Internet是主语，将“是一个社会信息大平台，亿万网民在上面获得信息、交流信息”作为主语的同位语译出：as a broad social platform where millions upon millions of users obtain and exchange information，接着引出谓语exert （influence on），其余的作宾语。而“途径”“方式”“观念”等可分别以ways、think about、view译出，而“他们的”（their）也要避免重复，出现一次即可。

[2]中，“网民来自老百姓”似可译成Netizens come from the common people、 Netizens are members of the general public，但体会其中语气，是指“所谓网民不过是广大群众中的一部分”，故不妨释译为The so-called “netizens” are actually part of larger general populations。同时，后一句可不必另起，译成“If members of the public go online， so does public opinion”，而采用介词将其连贯起来， 如who post their views by logging onto the Internet;larger general populations和their views， 便自然蕴含了“民意”。

[3]中，“各级党政机关和领导干部”，若译成The party and government organs and leading cadres at all levels则显刻板，特别是cadre一词，其意主要为“a small group of people who have been specially chosen， trained， and organized for a particular purpose; in some political parties， especially the Communist Party， a cadre is a party worker or official”，仍多少有些“冷战”色彩，故可避免，而用更为中性的officials and leaders of our party and government organs。“经常上网看看” 不必死板译成should go online regularly，而可根据前面句式，接续为through regular surfing on the Internet。“上网看看，聊聊天、发发声”很容易译成“ go to the Internet to watch， talk and voice”，其实可将其意思加以融汇，综述为“Online reading， chatting and communicating”。而“ 了解……收集……回应……解疑……”，可分别以“to get a grasp of …， gather…， respond to…， remove…， settle …”回应，但不是机械地对应，其中有必要的变通。

[4]中，“来自各行各业，各自经历不同，观点和想法肯定是……”似可译成“… ordinary people who come from different walks of life and have different life experiences. Their views and opinions are sure to vary greatly.”。但可用動名词、介词等使句子连接更加紧凑简练，如“ordinary people coming from all walks of life， who naturally hold diverse viewpoints”。而“不能要求他们”固然可译成we cannot expect them to，但语气似仍可加强：It’s quite unreal to expect them to…。

[5]中，“要多一些包容和耐心，对……”一般采取句式“We should be more tolerant and patient， …”但为强调主语，不妨将其提前，如：More tolerance and patience are needed/required.对于多个“及时”可以合拢为一，不必重复。同时，在表述逻辑和词语节奏上，也可适当调整，如“take in…， explain to…， clarify…， pacify…”，整齐、对称，而将内容不同的从句后置：to help those in need…，读来更为自然、通顺。

【参考译文】

Xi Jinping： The Internet

[1] The Internet， as a broad social platform where millions upon millions of users obtain and exchange information， exerts great influence on the ways people acquire knowledge， think about and value things; especially， on how they view their country， society， careers and lives.

[2] The so-called “netizens” are actually part of larger general populations， who present their views by logging onto the Internet. [3] Officials and leaders of our party and government organs ought to be able to stay in touch with the public through regular surfing on the Net. Online reading， chatting and communicating enable you to get a grasp of public opinion， gather good ideas and suggestions， as well as to actively respond to people’s requests， remove their doubts and settle issues.

[4] In fact， the majority of netizens are ordinary people coming from all walks of life， who naturally hold diverse viewpoints. It’s quite unreal to expect them to accurately pinpoint and utter opinions on everything they perceive. [5] More tolerance and patience are thus required. What we should do， is to take in the constructive， explain to the uninformed， clarify any vagueness， pacify the resentful， guide and correct the erroneous， as well as to help those in need in a timely manner.

Passage 2

市場规模

[1] 当今，世界各国的实力较量涉及诸多因素，其中最重要的一个要素是市场规模。[2] 哪个国家的市场大，对其他国家的吸引力就越大，也越容易处于领先地位。[3] 中国有14亿人口，这就决定了它拥有世界上最大的消费市场。[4]经济学家都认为，过去这些年，中国市场发展的速度是世界上最快的。

[5] 连续九年，中国是世界上最大的汽车市场。[6] 2016年，美国销售了1700万辆汽车，同年中国则销售了2400万辆，其中在中国的美国合资公司销售的汽车占比很大。

[7] 中国还是世界上最大的智能手机市场，也是最大的服装、电商、国内旅游和农产品市场。中国市场展现了惊人的发展潜力。

[8] 在中国，中产和富裕阶层人士迅速增长，年轻人有了全新的消费习惯，线上线下销售渠道覆盖了全国各地。[9] 随着医疗、养老产业不断发展，还将进一步提升中国人的消费能力。

【译析】

[1]中，“涉及诸多因素”似可用被动语态many factors are involved in…，但分析起来，此处的“涉及”未必是involve，而可理解为rely on。而“世界各国的实力较量”一般译成in the competition of the world’s power，但这是各种实力之间的较量，故可译为competition among world powers。“其中最重要的一个要素是市场规模”，若译成单句and one of the most important factors is the size of the market固然可以，但完全可以用过去分词融合在前面的句中，如dominated by market size。

[2]中，此句若完全按原文句式翻译，可译成：The bigger the market， the more attractive it is to other countries， and the easier it is to take the lead. 但亦可转换角度，把“领先地位”作为主语，如：The front-runner status always favors those…。而“吸引力”未必永远是attractive/attractiveness，还可为appealing，如：①Spending the holidays in Britain wasn’t a prospect that I found particularly appealing.（在英国度假对我并不特别有吸引力。）②Buchanan pushed all the right buttons， appealing to Maher’s loyalty and to his guilt.（布坎南通过激发马厄的忠心和负罪感得到了他想要的东西。）

[3]中，一般似可譯成：China has a population of 1.4 billion， which determines that it has the world’s largest consumer market，但鉴于对既定事实的认定，可用Given…如：Given the rising investment in college education by entrepreneurs， parental concern is not surprising.（鉴于商人对大学教育的投资不断增加，家长们的担忧便不足为奇。）“它拥有……最大的消费市场”，是“14亿人口”的自然结果，故可用be endowed with，如：Hong Kong has been endowed with one of the finest natural harbors in the world.（香港拥有世界上最好的天然海港之一。）

[4]中，一般可用句式，如Economists believe that … at the fastest rate in the world，但亦可变通为：According to economists， … the most rapidly worldwide.

[6]中，“同年……”有比较之意，可用compared with …，亦可用against… in the same year。“销售……占比很大”，可译为with a large share contributed by…。

[7]中，“中国市场展现了惊人的发展潜力”是接续前一句的阐释，故若单独成句，如The Chinese market has demonstrated an astonishing potential for development便显冗赘，不如用破折号补充说明，如“—its huge potential for development is astonishing”，更为简约、明确。

[8]中，“迅速增长”一般译成have grown/developed rapidly，但亦可为have increased phenomenally。“线上线下销售渠道覆盖了全国各地”在原文中是并列句，在译文里则可转换为状语，如with online and offline distribution channels covering all parts of the country…

[9]中，此处的“医疗”不是一般的medical treatment，而是指医疗制度，即西方通常实行的Medicare。“养老产业”，不宜用old-age industry，而为sanatoria industry，如：This article discussed the advantages and significance of Migration Bird sanatoria industry in Miami.（该文阐释了迈阿密开发“候鸟式”养老产业的优势与重要意义。）“消费能力”一般译成consumption ability， 但consumption potential 在此更确切，尽管字面意思似乎不对等。

【参考译文】

The Market Size

[1] Nowadays， competition among world powers relies on many conditions， dominated by market size. [2] The front-runner status always favors those states which appealing to other countries based on their market size. [3] Given its population of 1.4 billion， China is endowed with the biggest market in the world. [4] According to economists， over the years China’s market has been developing the most rapidly worldwide.

[5] For nine consecutive years， China has been the world’s largest automobile market. [6] In 2016， there were 17 million cars sold in the United States， against 24 million in China in the same year， with a large share contributed by US joint ventures in China.

[7] Meanwhile， China is also the largest market for smartphone， clothing， electronic， domestic tourism and agricultural products—its huge potential for development is astonishing.

[8] In China， as the middle-class and wealthy people have increased phenomenally， new consumption habits of its young people—with online and offline distribution channels covering all parts of the country—are being formed. [9] Along with the continuous development of medicare and sanatoria industry， the consumption potential of the Chinese people will be further enhanced.