储金龙 李瑶 李久林

摘要：徽州古道蕴含历史与文化底蕴，对徽州地区的发展有着重要的意义。本文基于“斑块—廊道—基质”的景观结构，通过GIS平台选取遗产斑块密度、β系数、空间整合度指标，以徽州古道为例，采用文献梳理、实地调研等方法，对线性文化遗产的保护现状进行评价，量化分析并总结出徽州古道现状特征，研究空间信息技术在遗产保护中的应用。结果表明徽州古道与沿线村落密切相关；对线性文化遗产的保护需要从整体出发。并从斑块更新与活化、廊道连接与优化、基质保护与提升三个方面探讨了徽州古道线性文化遗产活化利用的途径。

关键词：线性文化遗产；景观生态学；空间信息技术；徽州古道

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1009-1483.2019.12.008 中图分类号：TU982.29

文章编号：1009-1483（2019）12-0046-07 文献标识码：A

Present Characteristics and Protection Path of Linear Cultural Heritage Based on "PatchCorridor-Matrix"： A Case of Huizhou Ancient Road

CHU Jinlong， LI Yao， LI Jiulin

[Abstract] Huizhou ancient road is full of history and culture， which is of great significance to the development of Huizhou area. Based on the landscape structure of "patch-corridor-matrix"， the application of spatial information technology in heritage conservation is studied. Taking Huizhou ancient road as an example， this paper evaluates the status quo of the protection of linear cultural heritage by means of literature review and field research. Based on the GIS platform， the density， β coefficient， and spatial integration index of heritage patches are selected to quantitatively analyse and summarize the current characteristics of Huizhou ancient road. The results show that Huizhou ancient road is closely related to the villages along the line； the protection of linear cultural heritage needs to proceed from the whole； and for Huizhou ancient road. The ways of activating and utilizing the linear cultural heritage of Huizhou ancient road are discussed from three aspects： patch renewal and activation， corridor connection and optimization， as well as matrix protection and upgrading.

[Keywords] linear cultural heritage； landscape ecology； spatial information technology； Huizhou ancient road

引言

我國文化遗产资源丰富，但当前的保护工作多从单一视角出发，关注历史文化名城名镇名村及历史建筑的保护，对于区域性文化遗产的研究较少[1]，由此导致了很多文化遗产被忽视，甚至消失。近年来，这一现象引起了社会各界的关注，国家层面出台了较多关于遗产保护相关的政策文件；学界也逐步引入西方文化线路[2]、遗产廊道[3-4]等概念，融入到我国的文化遗产研究当中，并将线性文化遗产拓展为“由线状地域空间串联的、包括丰富的物质与非物质文化遗产的集合”[5]。目前国内对于线性文化遗产的研究多聚焦在典型案例，如京杭大运河[6]、茶马古道[7]等。

以Cultural Route或Heritage Corridor为主题，在Web of Science核心合集中进行检索，截取2014—2018年内共303条有效数据。……