李菲　石京山　龚其海

摘要：目的  分析以问题为基础的教学方法在药理学教学中应用及效果。方法  随机选取2015～2018年遵义医科大学2015级临床医学系四个班级学生作为研究对象，其中两个班级分为PBL教学班（实验班）98人和传统教学班（普通班）96人进行研究。课程结束后，比较实验班和普通班理论考试成绩，采用自制教学满意度问卷调查表调查学生对教学的满意率并比较。结果  实验班平均成绩为（78.47±11.46）分，高于同级普通班的（73.59±11.78）分（P<0.05）;实验班考试获高分（>80分）高于普通班，考试不及格人数少于普通;共发放问卷194份，收回190份，回收率97.94%。实验班学生对各项调查指标的满意率均优于普通班（P<0.05）。结论  应用PBL教学法，可以提高药理学考试成绩，能够激发学生的自主学习兴趣，有益于提升学生独立思考、提出问题和解决问题的能力，对提高药理学教学大有裨益。

关键词：药理学;教学方法;PBL教学

中图分类号：G642                                   文献标识码：A                                  DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2019.14.003

文章编号：1006-1959（2019）14-0006-03

Abstract：Objective  To analyze the application and effect of problem-based teaching methods in pharmacology teaching. Methods  Four classes of students from the 2015 Department of Clinical Medicine of Zunyi Medical University were randomly selected as research subjects. Two classes were divided into 98 students in the PBL class （experimental class） and 96 in the traditional class （ordinary class）. After the course， compare the experimental test scores of the experimental class and the ordinary class， and use the self-made teaching satisfaction questionnaire to investigate the students' satisfaction rate and compare them. Results  The average score of the experimental class was （78.47±11.46）， which was higher than that of the normal class （73.59±11.78） （P<0.05）. The high score of the experimental class was （>80）.In the ordinary class， the number of failed students in the examination was less than that of the ordinary class; 194 questionnaires were distributed and 190 were returned， with a recovery rate of 97.94%. The satisfaction rate of the experimental students in the experimental class was better than that in the ordinary class（P<0.05）.Conclusion  The application of PBL teaching method can improve the scores of pharmacological examinations， stimulate students' interest in independent learning， and improve students' ability to think independently， ask questions and solve problems， which is beneficial to the improvement of pharmacology teaching.

Key words：Pharmacology;Teaching method;PBL teaching

药理学是研究药物与机体间相互作用规律及其药物作用机制的一门科学，是基础医学走向临床应用的一门科学，在临床医学和基础医学之间具有承接作用。学好药理学对于临床医师、临床药师、检验师以及护理人员等医务工作者具有重要意义。但是，药理学具有药物药理作用广泛、药理机制复杂、临床应用繁多和不良反应普遍等特点，并且药理学的进展日新月异，新药层出不穷，导致了在教学实践中教师难教、学生难学的局面，最終影响了药理学的教学效果[1]。传统的“填鸭式”教学明显不适合新形势下的药理学教学。引入新型的以问题为基础（PBL）的教学模式，有助于改善药理学教学效果、提高学生素质提供帮助[2，3]。PBL的教学特点是以问题为导向，在教师的适当引导下，充分发掘学生在学习中的主导地位，以实现教学相长。……