黎秀银 张素芬 黎亦和

【摘要】 目的：探讨改良电极固定法在新生儿长程录像脑电图监测中的护理效果。方法：选取2016年4月-2018年5月本院新生儿科收治的行长程录像脑电图监测新生儿168例，按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组，每组各84例，对照组采用传统电极固定方式，观察组采用本院自行改良的电极固定方式，比较两组患儿电极安装、拆卸时间，使用过程中电极脱落、移位、电极线折损数、头皮损伤例数。结果：两组在电极安装、拆卸时间方面比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）;观察组使用过程中电极脱落、移位、电极线折损数、头皮损伤例数均低于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：改良电极固定方式能够有效减少使用过程中电极脱落、移位、电极线损伤例数，对患儿头皮损伤也有一定保护作用，值得业内借鉴。

【关键词】 脑电图监测; 长程录像; 电极固定; 新生儿

【Abstract】 Objective：To investigate the effect of improved electrode fixation in the monitoring of neonatal long-term video EEG.Method：A total of 168 neonates monitored by neonatal long-term video EEG in the neonatal department of our hospital from April 2016 to May 2018 were selected.They were divided in the observation group and the control group according to the random number table，84 cases in each group.The control group was given the traditional electrode fixation method，the observation group was given the self-improved electrode fixation method of our hospital.The electrode installation，disassembly time，the number of electrode drop，displacement，electrode line breakage and scalp injury during use of two groups were compared.Result：There were no significant differences in electrode installation and disassembly time between the two groups（P>0.05）.The number of electrode shedding，displacement，electrode line breakage and scalp injury of two groups of the observation group were lower than those in the control group，the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）.Conclusion：The improved electrode fixation method can effectively reduce the number of electrode detachment，displacement and electrode line damage during use，it also has a certain protective effect on scalp injury in children.It is worthy of reference in the industry.

【Key words】 EEG monitoring; Long-term video recording; Electrode fixation; Neonatal

First-authors address：Dongguan Peoples Hospital，Dongguan 523800，China

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2019.10.042

近年來长程录像脑电图监测（VEEG）在新生儿缺血缺氧性脑病的早期判断和预后评估方面得到了广泛的应用[1]。国内许多研究表明，这种长程脑电图监测对新生儿早期缺血缺氧性脑病具有很好的预测价值，且在动态评估治疗效果方面也有很好的提示作用[2-3]。VEEG的监测需要用电极连接新生儿头皮与VEEG放大装置连接在一起，但是由于新生儿皮肤发育不完善，若位置固定不正确、固定不科学以及使用过程中由于新生儿活动造成电极线折损等情况均为影响脑电图的正常判读，且电极的异常放电也会造成患儿皮肤损伤[4]。传统的固定方式是火棉胶固定电极，操作过程费时费力，且对新生儿皮肤具有刺激性作用，对于配合度差、皮肤娇嫩的新生儿来说实施难度较大。本院……