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面粉爆炸最小点火能实验研究

2019-08-13曾静曾繁华何俊燃王易赵小双李梦兰

科学导报·学术 2019年10期

曾静 曾繁华 何俊燃 王易 赵小双 李梦兰

摘 要:目的 实验研究敏感因素浓度、粒径对面粉粉尘爆炸最小点火能的影响并分析其最敏感条件。方法 本文利用20L球形爆炸装置采用单因素变量法对两种敏感条件浓度(400~2000g/m3)、粒径(160 ~ 300 目)的面粉最小点火能进行测试,揭示粒径、浓度两种影响因子与最小点火能之间的影响规律,在定量分析的基础上,确定最敏感条件。结论 面粉浓度对最小点火能呈极值因素影响,面粉爆炸最小點火能随着面粉浓度的增加先减小后增大,存在最敏感值1201g/m3。当面粉浓度为1201g/m3时,最小点火能最低,为825J;面粉粒径对最小点火能的影响为单调因素影响。粉尘云的颗粒越小,越容易被点燃。当面粉粒径为48μm时,最小点火能为944J。

关键词:面粉;最小点火能;粉尘浓度;粉尘粒径

Experimental study on minimum ignition energy of flour explosion

ZENG jing1,ZHAO xiaoshuang1,LI menglan1,WANG yi1,HE junran1,ZENG fanhua1*

(1.College of Safety Engineering,Chongqing University of Science & Technology,Chongqing 401331,China)

Abstract:Objective To study the effect of concentration and particle size of sensitive factors on the minimum ignition energy of flour dust explosion and analyze the most sensitive conditions.Methods The minimum ignition energy of flour with two kinds of sensitive concentration(400-2000g/m3)and particle size(160-300 mesh)was measured by single factor variable method in 20 L spherical explosive device.To reveal the influence law between the two factors of particle size and concentration and the minimum ignition energy.On the basis of quantitative analysis,the most sensitive conditions are determined.Conclusion Flour concentration has an extreme effect on the minimum ignition energy.The minimum ignition energy of flour explosion decreases first and then increases with the increase of flour concentration,and the most sensitive value is 1201g/m3.When the flour concentration is 1201g/m3,the minimum ignition energy is 825J.And the effect of flour particle size on the minimum ignition energy is monotonic.The smaller the dust particles are,the easier they are to ignite.When the particle size of flour is 48μm,the minimum ignition energy is 944J.

Key words:flour;minimum ignition energy;dust concentration;dust particle size.

引言

我国从十九世纪末期使用机器制造面粉,即机制面粉,至今已经发展有一百多年,工厂数也由最初的几家发展壮大到今天具规模的就有上万家,这些工厂都达到了每天 50 吨以上的小麦加工处理量[1] 。面粉作为中国北方大部分地区的主食,在其收获、储存、加工和运输过程中,能伴生出0.01%~1%的可燃性粉尘[2] 。面粉厂是典型的粉尘爆炸危险性场所,而且和人们日常生活密切相关,近年来面粉企业粉尘爆炸事故屡见不鲜[3] 。面粉爆炸问题日益突出,面粉粉尘爆炸事故频发,已到了触目惊心的地步。目前国内关于粮食粉尘爆炸特性研究较多[4,5,6],而粮食粉尘爆炸最小点火能的相关研究报道甚少。……

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