胡汝均 高绘明

【摘要】 目的：运用文献计量学方法分析我国中学生心肺复苏（CPR）培训的现状及问题，为今后更好地开展中学生CPR培训提供参考依据。方法：系统检索CNKI、万方、维普以及CBM数据库从建库至2018年11月期间发表的关于我国中学生CPR培训的相关文献，通过计量学方法对纳入的文献进行统计分析。结果：共检索到符合纳入标准的文献24篇，分布在22种期刊中，核心期刊收录文献4篇（16.7%）。关于中学生CPR培训的文献最早发表于2006年，2010年以后发表文献数量呈上升趋势，文献主要分布在广东、浙江、上海等沿海地区或发达地区，14篇（58.3%）文献获得基金资助，培训方式主要是传统的理论讲解、模拟示范及操作练习占87.5%，培训机构主要是医院占83.3%，师资主要为医务人员，培训时间40 min～10 h，大多在培训结束后即刻进行效果评价。结论：我国中学生CPR培训起步晚，且存在地域差异，培训机构、师资匮乏，培训方式单一，尚无统一的培训模式。

【关键词】 中學生; 心肺复苏; 培训; 文献分析

【Abstract】 Objective：To analyze present situation and problems of cardiopulmonary resuscitation（CPR）training among middle school students by using bibliometric analysis in China，and to provide the scientific reference for the future CPR training.Method：The authors searched publications concerning CPR training among middle school students in the following databases from their date of inception to November 2018：China National Knowledge Infrastructure，Wanfang Database，Chinese Scientific Journals Database and China Biology Medicine Database.Then analyzed the included studies by bibliometric analysis method.Result：A total of 24 studies published in 22 journals were identified，only 4 studies（16.7%）were published in core journals.The first paper about middle school students CPR training was published in 2006，the number of published studies was on the rise after 2010.Studies were mainly distributed in developed areas，such as Guangdong，Zhejiang，Shanghai and so on.A total of 14 studies（58.3%）were funded.The traditional theoretical teaching，simulation demonstration and operation practice was 87.5%，it was the main training methods，the hospital was the main training organizations（83.3%），medical staff were the main training instructors，the training duration ranged from 40 minutes to 10 hours，and most studies assessed the training effect at the end of training.Conclusion：Middle school students CPR training start late in our country，regional differences and the lack of training institutions and instructors are obvious.Besides，the training method is monotonous and there is no unified training model.

【Key words】 Middle school students; Cardiopulmonary resuscitation（CPR）; Training; Bibliometric analysis

First-authors address：Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical College，Zunyi 563000，China

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2019.16.043

心搏骤停是重要的公共健康问题，是美国、中国、俄罗斯等国家公众的主要死亡原因之一[1-3]。70%～80%心搏骤停发生在院外[4-5]，若单纯依靠医务人员到达现场进行心肺复苏（CPR），伤员将错过抢救的黄金时间[6]。作为第一目击者的普通公众实施CPR在院外心搏骤停生存链中扮演着重要角色，遗憾的是1/3～1/2患者未能得到第一目击者的CPR[7]。因此，对公众开展CPR培训尤为重要。中学生是一个不可忽视的群体，学生接受知识能力强，将其作为普及急救知识的切入点，不仅使他们自己很快掌握基本的急救知识，成为“第一目击者”中有效的施救者，还能通过他们对周围人群的“辐射”作用带动全民急救意识的提高[8]。……