建筑设计：都市实践建筑设计事务所

Architect:URBANUS

以四合院为代表的北京传统院落式居住单元的魅力在于它有一种统合的力量，使本来关乎柴米油盐的日常生活被升华到天、地、人、神和谐共居的精神境界。传递这种力量的是有关“四合”的空间类型学，简单而魅力无穷。如何与时俱进地迭代升级四合院的功能品质，却又不降低其精神品格，依然要从类型学研究入手。

白塔寺东夹道72号院并不是个标准的合院，只有一房一院，大小相近。走进原来院子的第一感觉就是空间的单薄，院和房形影相吊；而今，第一眼看到改造后的效果却是空间的丰满，不仅仅和房内外一体了，上下也一体了。这个类型学的“转基因”在于“房”和“院”不再是实与虚的对立关系，而是被一个环形的几何构架整合为互联的一体，使整个场地变为了动态的一体：房也是院，院也是房，是为“二合”。

“二”的对偶是为了“合”。“二合”在这里有好几层含义。第一，它是场地的统合，通过屋与院二合一的空间演绎，证明了一个仅约100m2占地的传统居住单位的确是一个尺度合宜的小宇宙，是城市在最小单元层面上的完美。第二，它也是院子和胡同环境的统合，通过院墙上、院门上半透的部分把白塔寺红墙溢到院内，同时也把这个做为白塔寺城市更新展厅的活力溢出到东夹道胡同。第三，它把壮观的白塔景观有机地统合进院子场景中。第四，这个邻近阜成门内大街的院子，也是通向白塔寺片区未来许许多多有趣的公共院落的门户，所以它是以一个公共“门厅”院对偶着其他离散的独立单元，是一栋住宅和一个片区的统合。

如果说“四合院”是关于空间的，那么“二合院”更重要的意义是关于时间。在城市的可持续发展过程中，新旧更迭是个不可回避的问题。这个设计一方面把一个原先破陋的平房修复回符合场所历史价值的标准制式老房，另一方面又以古建房为本体，无论植入怎样的当下设计手段，都更彰显传统古建有强大的包容能力，逾古弥新。

1 总平面/Site plan

2 改造前平面/Floor plan before renovation

3 改造后平面/Floor plan after renovation1-主入口/Main entrance2-庭院/Courtyard3-厨房/Kitchen4-卫生间/Bathroom5-客厅/Living room

4 改造前外景/Exterior views before renovation

5 改造前外景/Exterior views before renovation

项目信息/Credits and Data

项目名称/Project Name: 二合院（暨白塔寺地区城市复兴展示中心）/Two-in-One Courtyard (The Exhibition Centre for the Baitasi Area Urban Renewal)

客户/Client: 北京华融金盈投资发展有限公司/Beijing Huarong Jinying Investment Development Co., Ltd.

地点/Location: 东夹道72号/No.72 Dongjiadao

主持建筑师/Principal Architects: 王辉/WANG Hui

设计团队/Design Team: 姚咏梅，金晨佳，柴秉江，张富军，汪蕾，刘通，李传琛/YAO Yongmei, JIN Chenjia,CHAI Bingjiang, ZHANG Fujun, WANG Lei, LIU Tong, LI Chuanchen

合作/Collaborators: 互联盟建筑设计（北京）有限公司/Anet Architects Alliance (Beijing) Co., Ltd.

结构设计/Structural Design: 李永明，赵艳国（荷捷建筑顾问（北京）有限公司）/LI Yongming, ZHAO Yanguo,

材料/Material: 大停泥砖，小停泥砖，黄花松木，清水混凝土，碳化木等/Mud brick, Olga bay larch, Concrete etc.项目面积/Project Area: 112m2

建筑面积/Floor Area: 51m2

设计时间/Design Time: 2018.11-2019.03

施工时间/Construction Time: 2019.03-2019.06

竣工时间/Completion Time: 2019.06

绘图/Drawings: 张富军，柴秉江，李传琛/ZHANG Fujun,CHAI Bingjiang, LI Chuanchen

摄影/Photos: 吕博/LYU Bo

Known as "Siheyuan" or "Quadrangles", the traditional Beijing courtyard house has the power of synthesis. The term "Quadrangles" refers to a foursided enclosed courtyard, whose simple but charming typology can sublime daily life to the level of the spiritual realm implying the compatibility among heaven, earth, human, and deity. How to enhance the functional quality without sacrificing the spiritual dimension is the kernel of our design strategy.

Located on the No.72 Dongjiadao of Baitasi,this courtyard is not a standard four-sides-enclosed one. It has only one building and one courtyard with similar size. Before the renovation, the original layout is that the building and the courtyard are very separated from each other. The new design efforts to integrate the two parts into one united space interconnected by a continuous circular structure.Therefore, the interlocked building and courtyard implies a "two-in-one" new courtyard typology.

The term "two-in-one" can be explained in different ways. First, by integrating the indoor living space and the open courtyard, it proves that the typical traditional residential unit with only around 100m2is a perfect minimum unit in the city in terms of scale. Secondly, it is also an integration between the private courtyard and the Hutong: the red wall from the Baitasi spills into the courtyard through the transparent design of the gate and the wall, and in return, it also allows the vitality of this courtyard functioning as the local urban renewal exhibition center to spread into the street. Thirdly, it integrates the Baitasi into the courtyard scene from the rooftop view. Lastly, as a common public gathering cente, it is also connected with many open-to-public courtyards in this area.

If "quadrangles courtyard" is concerned with space, then "two-in-one courtyard" is all about time.The juxtaposition of old and new is a continuing challenge in the process of sustainable urban development. To preserve the historical cultural value of the site, we restore the poor original house by elevating its structure to a higher standard of traditional courtyard house. Then by introducing contemporary architectural elements to the traditional setting, it helps to glorify the old the structure, and sets a good example of the new in the old. This is the very essence of the two-in-one.

6 鸟瞰/Aerial view

7 室外平台/Outdoor platform

评论

王硕：这一项目所面临的是一个比较独特的问题，即胡同中存在一些院落单元，在拆违整饬后成为一些并非具有传统四合院较好的空间围合体验的院子，这里更被推到了极致——只有一房一院。都市实践的设计正是利用了这样一个独特的机会，提出了类似于公共艺术装置的轻巧介入式思路。北房按照传统建造体系完整恢复，而在此基础上，以一个椭圆形平面，轻型建造体系，并可将访客引至二层的“装置”，置于房与院各一半，打破原本对峙的虚实空间，如同老藤缠绕着老树共生，并藉此让“老树开新花”。院、圆、园，不同空间类型被模糊化再统合成为一个整体化的空间体验。

范路：在二合院改造项目中，新植入的圆弧形内院回廊是设计亮点。回廊主体以钢、玻璃等现代材料构建，与白墙、砖瓦铺地和原木色格栅相配合，形成了一个现代与传统交织的公共活动空间。这个空间具有强烈的形式感和空间氛围，成为一个当代的能量旋涡。它与该地区原有的精神高点——白塔自在对话，重塑了传统四合院“天人合一”的精神品格。

8 内院/Inner courtyards

9 内院/Inner courtyards

Comments

WANG Shuo: This project is facing a quite unique problem - after the dismantling and rectification,there are some courtyard units in Hutong that became some yards without the good space enclosure experience of traditional courtyards - which has been pushed to the extreme here with only one house and one yard. The design of URBANUS exactly took advantage of such a unique opportunity and proposed a lightweight interventional approach similar to public art installations. The north house was restored in accordance with the traditional construction system,and on the basis of this, placed a "device" with an elliptical plane and light construction system that can lead visitors to the second floor half in the house and half in the courtyard. The original confrontation of void and solid space was broken, like the symbiosis of an old rattan twining the old tree, and thereby let the"old tree blossom new". Courtyard, circle and garden,different space types are fuzzi fied and integrated into a holistic space experience. (Translated by CHEN Yuxiao)

FAN Lu: In the renovation project of Two-in-One Courtyard, the newly inserted "circular cloister" is the main design feature. The "cloister" is mainly made of modern materials such as steel and glass and is coordinated with claddings of stucco wall, grey brick pavement and wood grille. Then the central courtyard becomes a contemporary public space with traditional atmosphere. It could be regarded as a spiritual eddy that echoes with the historical Baita in the district and reshapes the spatial quality of "the unity of heaven and man".

10 内院/Inner courtyards

11 分解轴测/Exploded axonometric drawing