基于多因素线索长短期记忆模型的血压分析预测
2019-08-01刘晶吴英飞袁贞明孙晓燕
刘晶 吴英飞 袁贞明 孙晓燕



摘 要:高血压是危害健康的重要因素,为了预防血压突然升高造成严重后果,在传统长短期记忆(LSTM)网络基础上,提出一种多因素线索LSTM模型,适用于血压的短期预测和长期预测,能够对血压的不良变化提前作出预警。模型中用到的多因素线索包括时序数据线索和上下文信息线索(包括个人基本信息和环境信息)两大類,使得血压预测不仅提取血压数据本身的特征,还提取与血压相关联的时序数据变化特征和其他关联属性的数据特征。模型首次将环境因素加入血压预测,并采用多任务学习方式,能够更好地捕捉数据之间隐藏的关联性,提高模型泛化能力。实验结果表明,所提模型相较于传统LSTM模型和添加了上下文信息层的LSTM(LSTMCL)模型在舒张压的预测误差与预测偏差方面分别降低2.5%,3.8%和1.9%,3.2%,在收缩压的预测误差和预测偏差分别降低0.2%,0.1%和0.6%,0.3%。
关键词:高血压;血压预测;长短期记忆; 时序数据;上下文信息
中图分类号:TP389.1
文献标志码:A
Abstract: Hypertension is an important hazard to health. Blood pressure prediction is of great importance to avoid grave consequences caused by sudden increase of blood pressure. Based on traditional Long ShortTerm Memory (LSTM) network, a multifactor cue LSTM model for both shortterm prediction (predicting blood pressure for the next day) and longterm prediction (predicting blood pressure for the next several days) was proposed to provide early warning of undesirable change of blood pressure. Multifactor cues used in blood pressure prediction model included time series data cues (e.g. heart rate) and contextual information cues (e.g. age, BMI (Body Mass Index), gender, temperature).The change characteristics of time series data and data features of other associated attributes were extracted in the blood pressure prediction. Environment factor was firstly considered in blood pressure prediction and multitask learning method was used to help the model to capture the relation between data and improve the generalization ability of the model. The experimental results show that compared with traditional LSTM model and the LSTM with Contextual Layer (LSTMCL) model, the proposed model decreases prediction error and prediction bias by 2.5%, 3.8% and 1.9%, 3.2% respectively for diastolic blood pressure, and reduces prediction error and prediction bias by 0.2%, 0.1% and 0.6%, 0.3% respectively for systolic blood pressure.
0 引言
高血压是危害健康的一个重要因素,是老年人群中的常见慢性疾病。如果血压控制不好,容易发生心肌梗死、心力衰竭、脑出血、脑梗等突发情况,严重影响老人的身体健康。对血压数据的预测和高血压的及时预警能够有效避免高血压突发状况引发的危害,因此,对血压数据的预测分析已经成为该领域重点研究的课题。
人体血压受很多因素的影响,如外界温度、天气情况等环境因素,年龄、身体质量指数(Body Mass Index, BMI)、心率等多项生理指标因素,利用这些和血压相关的因素指标,有助于提高血压预测精准性。……
