基于随机森林特征选择算法的鼻咽肿瘤分割
2019-08-01李鲜王艳罗勇周激流
李鲜 王艳 罗勇 周激流



摘 要:针对医学图像中存在的灰度对比度低、器官组织边界模糊等问题,提出一种新的随机森林(RF)特征选择算法用于鼻咽肿瘤MR图像的分割。首先,充分提取图像的灰度、纹理、几何等特征信息用于构建一个初始的随机森林分类器;随后,结合随机森林特征重要性度量,将改进的特征选择方法应用于原始手工特征集;最终,以得到的最优特征子集构建新的随机森林分类器对测试图像进行分割。实验结果表明,该算法对鼻咽肿瘤的分割精度为:Dice系数79.197%,Acc准确率97.702%,Sen敏感度72.191%,Sp特异性99.502%。通过与基于传统随机森林和基于深度卷积神经网络(DCNN)的分割算法对比可知,所提特征选择算法能有效提取鼻咽肿瘤MR图像中的有用信息,并较大程度地提升小样本情况下鼻咽肿瘤的分割精度。
关键词:鼻咽肿瘤;随机森林;特征重要性;特征选择;最优特征子集
中图分类号:TP391.41
文献标志码:A
Abstract: Due to the low greylevel contrast and blurred boundaries of organs in medical images, a Random Forest (RF) feature selection algorithm was proposed to segment nasopharyngeal neoplasms MR images. Firstly, graylevel, texture and geometry information was extracted from nasopharyngeal neoplasms images to construct a random forest classifier. Then, feature importances were measured by the random forest, and the proposed feature selection method was applied to the original handcrafted feature set. Finally, the optimal feature subset obtained from the feature selection process was used to construct a new random forest classifier to make the final segmentation of the images. Experimental results show that the performances of the proposed algorithm are: dice coefficient 79.197%, accuracy 97.702%, sensitivity 72.191%, and specificity 99.502%. By comparing with the conventional random forest based and Deep Convolution Neural Network (DCNN) based segmentation algorithms, it is clearly that the proposed feature selection algorithm can effectively extract useful information from the nasopharyngeal neoplasms MR images and improve the segmentation accuracy of nasopharyngeal neoplasms under small sample circumstance.
英文关键词Key words: nasopharyngeal neoplasms; random forest; feature importance; feature selection; optimal feature subset
0 引言
医学图像分割是当前图像处理领域的热点问题之一,对医学图像进行精准的分割是后续治疗的重要保障; 然而,由于当前医学成像普遍存在灰度对比度低、器官组织边界模糊的问题,医学图像的分割精度始终无法得到有效的提升。
在诸多头颈部肿瘤中,鼻咽肿瘤是最常见的肿瘤之一,在全球尤其是中国的广东地区有着较高的发病率。与其他部位的肿瘤相比,鼻咽肿瘤结构复杂,周边血管、淋巴管、腺体较多,且不同患者之间肿瘤形状和……
