基于表型的樱桃番茄种质遗传多样性分析
2019-07-23史建磊宰文珊陈依凯洪远王海龙
史建磊 宰文珊 陈依凯 洪远 王海龙



摘 要 为研究樱桃番茄种质的遗传多样性,科学评价种质,以21份自交系为材料,对其12个表型性状进行遗传变异、主成分和聚类分析。结果表明:各性状的变异系数为14.97%~216.48%,Shannon多样性指数为0.66~1.34。选取累积贡献率为76.619%的前4个主成分,所包含的9个表型性状是种质评价的主要指标,5份材料综合表现优良(F>0.8)。进一步系统聚类,在欧氏距离8~11之间将供试种质分为四类,分别包含6、10、4和1份材料,可用于不同类型品种的选育。21份樱桃番茄种质具有较丰富的遗传多样性,为相关资源的利用及品种选育提供了参考。
关键词 樱桃番茄;表型性状;聚类分析;遗传多样性
中图分类号 S330 文献标识码 A
Abstract In order to study the genetic diversity of cherry tomatoes and evaluate the germplasms scientifically, twelve phenotypic characters were analyzed by genetic variation, principal component and cluster analysis in 21 inbred lines. The results showed that the variation coefficient ranged from 14.97% to 216.48%, and the diversity indices ranged from 0.66 to 1.34 in different traits. Considering the first four principal components which had a cumulative contribution rate of 76.619%, five germplasms had excellent comprehensive performance (F>0.8) with 9 main phenotypic indices for germplasm evaluation. By further systematic cluster analysis, the germplasms were classified into 4 clusters between 8 and 11 in euclidean distance, including 6, 10, 4 and 1 germplasms respectively, which could be used to breed different varieties. In brief, 21 cherry tomato germplasms had rich genetic diversity, which would provide a reference for the resource utilization and variety breeding.
Keywords cherry tomato; phenotypic trait; cluster analysis; genetic diversity
DOI 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2019.06.009
番茄(Solanum lycopersicum Mill.)为一年或多年生草本植物,原产南美洲厄瓜多尔至智利北部的安第斯山脉西麓太平洋沿岸,是世界重要园艺和经济作物。樱桃番茄(Solanum lycopersicum Mill. var. cerasiforme Alef.)是番茄的一个变种,又名小西红柿、圣女果,是一种水果型蔬菜,目前设施栽培广泛,深受消费者喜爱[1]。遗传多样性是作物品种改良及选育的基础,但樱桃番茄属自花授粉作物,经历了长期的育种实践,遗传背景较为狭窄。因此,樱桃番茄种质研究与利用意义重大。
表型是基因型与环境共同作用的结果,与分子标记相比,具有经济、直观等优点,是种质鉴定评价等研究最基本的方法和最直接的途径[2]。近年來,分子标记技术已用于樱桃番茄种质研究[3-4],表型性状遗传多样性研究在叶用芥菜[5]、辣椒[6]、黄瓜[7]、苦瓜[8]、胡萝卜[9]、番茄[10-11]、萝卜[12]、甜瓜[13]等作物上也多见报道,但针对樱桃番茄、特别是应用多元统计法的相关研究较少。李军……
