韩航航 徐竖 白冰

摘要：采用超声波提取法、超临界CO2萃取法和分子蒸馏法3种方法制备了蝶豆（Clitoria ternatea L.）花提取物并用GC/MS法分析了蝶豆花提取物中的挥发性成分，并进行了卷烟加香试验。结果表明，超临界CO2萃取的净油鉴定出的挥发性成分最多，相对含量也最高，其中大部分是构成卷烟香味的重要物质;超声波提取法从蝶豆花中提取出对烟草有贡献的潜香物质效果一般，提取物中挥发性成分不如其他方法丰富，卷烟上的应用效果也不如其他方法好;蝶豆花提取物可用于卷烟加香，可以提质增香、增加吃味、降低刺激性、改善余味、提升卷烟抽吸品质。

关键词：蝶豆（Clitoria ternatea L.）花;超临界CO2萃取;超声波提取;分子蒸馏;卷烟;香料

中图分类号：R282;S572         文献标识码：A

文章编号：0439-8114（2019）10-0109-05

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2019.10.025           开放科学（资源服务）标识码（OSID）：

Abstract： Extraction of Clitoria ternatea L. flower were prepared respectively by ultrasonic extraction， super-critical CO2 extraction and molecular distillation. The volatile components in the extraction were analyzed by GC/MS， and the cigarette flavoring test was carried out. The results showed that the super-critical CO2 extraction oil had the most quantity of volatile components and the highest relative content， most of which were crucial substances that constitute the flavor of cigarettes. Ultrasonic extraction could extract the potential aroma of tobacco from the Clitoria ternatea L. flower. However， the effect is general， the volatile components of the extract are not as rich as other methods， and the application effect on cigarettes is not as good as other methods. The Clitoria ternatea L. flower extract can be used for cigarette flavoring and casing， which can enhance flavor， increase taste， reduce irritation and improve aftertaste， improve the quality of smoking in general.

Key words： Clitoria ternatea L. flower; super-critical CO2 extraction; ultrasonic extraction; molecular distillation; cigarette; perfume

蝶豆（Clitoria ternatea L.）別名为蓝花豆、蝴蝶花豆、蓝蝴蝶。原产地为印度和印度尼西亚，现世界上热带和亚热带地区有栽培[1-3]。蝶豆的花朵富含花青素、黄酮醇、糖苷和其他酚类化合物等次级代谢产物[4，5]。蝶豆花具有增强记忆、促进智力、抗应激、抗焦虑、抗抑郁、镇静、安神等功能[6，7]。蝶豆花提取物有抗炎、镇痛作用，抗高血糖，能治疗结肠淋病与皮肤病，治疗被蛇咬伤和驱蚊虫，具有强大的抗氧化性等药理活性和药用作用[8-10]。

超声波提取技术具有提取时间短、产率高、不破坏有效成分等优点，在提取天然植物有效成分方面的应用正受到越来越多的重视[11]。CO2超临界萃取技术具有绿色健康、高效无毒、经济、可循环利用等优点[12]。……