陈梓铭　郭鹏程　熊勇　李会玉　李落星

摘   要：为了在满足开启轻便性的条件下提升滑移门的运动平顺性，提出了基于响应面模型的滑移门动力学特性多目标优化方法.基于刚柔耦合多体动力学方法建立某MPV车型的滑移门模型，对其运动平顺性及开启轻便性的评价指标进行分析，并通过滑移门台架试验验证了该仿真方法的可靠性.对滑移门运动机构进行参数化设计，结合拉丁超立方采样法进行试验设计，通过对滑移门动力学特性指标进行灵敏度分析，得到了结构参数对性能的影响规律.建立精度可靠的滑移门动力学特性二阶响应面模型，各项指标的复相关指数R2 均高于0.9.采用NSGA-Ⅱ遗传算法对滑移门运动机构进行多目标优化，滑移门中导向轮载荷峰值与质心加速度峰值分别降低39%和24.4%，全开所需时间低于1.8 s，在满足开启轻便性要求的同时，显著提升了滑移门的运动平顺性.

关键字：滑移门;动力学分析;结构参数;响应面方法;多目标优化

中图分类号：TB21                            文献标志码：A

Multi-object Optimization on Dynamic Characteristics

of Sliding Door Based on Response Surface Model

CHEN Ziming1， 2，GUO Pengcheng1， 2，XIONG Yong3，LI Huiyu1，2，LI Luoxing1，2

（1. State Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Manufacturing for Vehicle Body，Hunan University，Changsha 410082，China;

2. College of Mechanical and Vehicle Engineering，Hunan University，Changsha 410082，China;

3. Changan Oushang Automobile Institute，Chongqing 400023，China）

Abstract： In order to optimize the ride comfort of the sliding door under the condition of meeting the handiness requirement，a respond surface method-based multi-object optimization method of the sliding door′s dynamic characteristics was proposed. The rigid-flexible coupled multi-body dynamic model of a MPV′s sliding door was established to investigate its ride comfort and handiness，and the results were verified by experiment based on a test rig. The motion mechanisms of the sliding door system were parametrically modeled and combined with the Latin hypercube sampling method. The sensitivity analysis was performed to study the effects of structural parameters on the sliding door's dynamics characteristics. Second-order response surface models of the dynamic indexes were established，in which correlation coefficients R2 are above 0.9. Finally，a multi-objective dynamic optimization on the sliding door was conducted by using NSGA-II algorithm. After optimization，the peak values of the middle guide roller load and acceleration of the door center mass were reduced by 39% and 24.4% respectively，and the time required for full opening was below 1.8 second. The ride comfort of the sliding door was improved significantly，while the requirement of handiness was met.

Key words： sliding door;dynamic analysis;structural parameter;response surface method;multi-object optimization

運动平顺性和开启轻便性是汽车滑移门重要的动力学特性，对客户在使用滑移门时的主观感受及产品的使用寿命有重要影响.在传统的滑移门运动机构的设计过程中，由于缺乏对滑移门动力学特性的管控，往往是在实车下线后才暴露出其运动平顺性差和开启困难的问题.因此，在前期设计阶段对滑移门系统的动力学特性进行分析和优化，有利于降低问题……