王聪慧　王铁军　高芳　秦彩云　陈士刚　才巨锋　陶晶

摘要：【目的】探讨黑果枸杞的组织培养技术，为实现规模化高效离体快繁提供技术依据。【方法】以黑果枸杞当年生嫩茎为外植体，研究激素组合对黑果枸杞组培苗初代、增殖以及生根培养的影响。【结果】适合黑果枸杞初代培养的培养基为MS + 6-BA1.0 mg/L + NAA0.2 mg/L ，腋芽生长良好，萌芽率达88.61%，且玻璃化情况较少;适合微枝增殖培养的培养基为MS + 6-BA0.1mg/L + NAA0.2mg/L，微枝生长速度快，增殖倍数可达4.8倍，少见玻璃化现象，且苗生长健壮，叶片嫩绿;适合微枝生根的培养基为1/2MS + IBA0.2mg/·L，生根率达98%。适宜的移栽基质为营养土∶河沙∶蛭石=3∶1∶1（体积比）。【结论】黑果枸杞嫩茎离体培养和茎芽增殖可以获得再生植株实现离体快繁，本研究结果为黑果枸杞优良种质规模化繁殖提供了技术支持。

关键词：黑枸杞;组织培养;增殖培养;生根培养

中图分类号：S567.19文献标识码：A文章编号：1006-8023（2019）02-0032-05

Micropropagation of Lycium ruthenicum Murr

WANG Conghui 1， WANG Tiejun 2， GAO Fang 1， QIN Caiyun 1， CHEN Shigang 1， CAI Jufeng 1， TAO Jing 1*

（1. Jilin Provincial Academy of Forestry Sciences， Changchun 130033; 2. Jilin Dunhua Forestry Bureau， Yanbian 133700）

Abstract：[Objective] To develop tissue culture technique for theLycium ruthenicum ， and provide technical basis for large scale and efficient in vitro rapid propagation. [Method] In this study， using tender stem ofL. ruthenicumas explant， the effects of different factors on primary culture， subculture and rooting culture were studied. [Results] The results showed that： the suitable medium for axillary bud sprouting was MS + 6-BA1.0mg·L -1 + NAA0.2mg·L -1， in which the axillary bud germination rate reached 88.61% and the vitrification were rarely. The suitable medium for proliferation was MS + 6-BA 0.1mg·L -1 + NAA0.2mg·L -1， in which the plantlets grew quickly. The proliferation rate was 4.8 times， and there was no vitrification with robust seedling. The suitable medium for plantlet rooting was MS + IBA0.2mg·L -1， in which the rooting rate reached 98%. Suitable transplanting substrates were nutritional soil ： river sand ： vermiculite = 2：1：1. [Conclusion] The in vitro culture and stem bud subculture ofLycium ruthenicumcan be used to obtain the in vitro rapid propagation of the regenerated plants. The results provide technical support for the large-scale propagation of the fine germplasm ofLycium ruthenicum.

Keywords： Lycium ruthenicum ; tissue culture; multiplication culture; rooting culture

0引言

黑果枸杞（ Lycium ruthenicumMurr.）為茄科（Solanceae）枸杞属（ LyciumL.）灌木 [1]。可适应盐碱荒地和盐化沙地生存，是我国荒漠区特有的抗盐抗旱野生植物，同时具有很高的经济价值及营养价值 [2-3]。其果实含有17种氨基酸 [4]，13种微量元素，具有较高的营养价值和药用价值 [5-8]，被誉为“软黄金” [9-10]。

由于具有较高的价值，大量的黑果枸杞野生资源被采集，导致野生资源难以自我恢复，分布迅速面积减小 [11-12]。黑果枸杞的扦插技术较为成熟 [11-13]，但扦插技术繁殖周期比较长。尽管黑果枸杞离体快繁技术具有一定的进展 [14-15]，但距离规模化快速繁殖还有一定距离。本研究旨在研究黑果枸杞腋芽增生途径的离体快繁技术，为规模化繁殖苗木提供技术支持。……