曾小华 纪人桓 宋大凤 李广含 雷宗坤

摘   要：为便于定量分析燃料电池汽车的氢耗影响因素和整车氢耗潜力，文中基于燃料电池汽车行驶时内部的能量流动关系，首先定义平均综合传动效率并提出理论氢耗计算分析模型.通过对氢耗的多种影响因素进行分析，进一步得到理论氢耗增量模型.最后基于advisor自带的燃料电池汽车模型，通过理论和仿真分析量化了滚动阻力系数、传动系机械效率、电机效率、燃料电池效率对整车经济性的影响.此外，基于各影响因素未来可能达到的极限状态，通过仿真得氢耗潜力为0.6 kg/100 km.不同因素的量化分析和氢耗潜力的确定不仅对燃料电池汽车动力系统前期研发有重要指导意义，而且在实车开发期间可为部件选择和参数标定提供优化方向.

关键词：车辆工程;燃料电池;氢耗计算模型;氢耗分析;经济性

中图分类号：U462.2                            文献标志码：A

Hydrogen-Consumption Analysis Model of

Fuel Cell Vehicles and Its Application

ZENG Xiaohua，JI Renhuan，SONG Dafeng？覮，LI Guanghan，LEI Zongkun

（State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control，Jilin University，Changchun 130025，China）

Abstract： In order to facilitate the quantitative analysis of hydrogen-consumption impact factors and hydrogen-consumption potential for fuel cell vehicle， the average integrated transmission efficiency was first defined and a theoretical model of hydrogen-consumption calculation and analysis was proposed， on the basis of the internal energy flow relationship of the fuel cell vehicle during driving. By analyzing the various impact factors of hydrogen-consumption， the theoretical hydrogen-consumption-increment model was further obtained. Finally， based on the fuel cell vehicle model provided by the advisor， the effects of rolling resistance coefficient， mechanical efficiency of the drive train， motor efficiency and fuel cell efficiency on the economics of the vehicle were quantified through theoretical and simulation analysis. In addition， based on the possible-limit state that each influencing factor may reach in the future， the hydrogen consumption potential obtained from the simulation is 0.6 kg/100 km. The quantitative analysis of different factors and the determination of hydrogen consumption potential not only provide critical reference for future research of the fuel cell vehicle powertrain， but also point out the optimization direction for component selection and parameter calibration during the development of actual vehicle.

Key words：vehicle engineering;fuel cell;hydrogen-consumption-calculation model;hydrogen-consumption analysis;fuel economy

燃料電池汽车只需要3～5 min的加氢时间就可连续行驶500 km以上，同时其排放物是水，不污染环境.除此之外，燃料电池因不受卡诺循环的限制，其能量转化效率目前已高达55%，在未来随着技术的进步，理论上可高达85%[1].鉴于燃料电池汽车加氢时间快、续航里程长、环保和能量转化效率高的优点，其已成为当前研究热点，特别是如何进一步提高经济性，而定量的分析氢耗影响因素对整车经济性的提高具有重要指导意义.

相比于傳统汽车，燃料电池汽车已经拥有较高的能量利用率……