付飞 翁长青 袁燕

摘 要 目的：了解上海市奉賢区钱桥社区老年居民的超重和肥胖现况。方法：对5 020名参与2017年体检的上海奉贤区钱桥社区60岁以上居民进行调查，其中男性2 188人，平均年龄（70.56±6.79）岁；女性2 832人，平均年龄（70.20±7.36）岁。调查内容包括问卷调查，身高和体重测量，以及血液检测（空腹血糖、三酰甘油，总胆固醇）。结果：上海奉贤区钱桥社区60岁以上居民平均体重指数为（24.70±3.42）kg/m2；超重和肥胖的检出率分别为41.1%和15.8%，高于2010年全国老年人调查结果。性别间的超重和肥胖检出率差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；超重和肥胖检出率均随年龄的增长而下降，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常者的超重和肥胖检出率均高于正常人群（P<0.05）。结论：上海市奉贤区钱桥社区60岁以上居民的超重和肥胖的患病率较高，慢性病患者中超重和肥胖者的比例也较高。应加强社区宣教，提高居民健康意识，遏制超重和肥胖患病率的上升。

关键词 超重；肥胖；老年人；体重指数

中图分类号：R589.2 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1006-1533（2019）04-0046-03

Analysis of overweight and obesity status of elderly residents in a community in Shanghai

FU Fei， WENG Changqing， YUAN Yan（General Practice Department of Qianqiao Community Health Service Center of Qingcun Town of Fengxian District， Shanghai 201407， China）

ABSTRACT Objective： To understand the overweight and obesity status of elderly residents in Qianqiao Community of Fengxian District， Shanghai. Methods： A survey was conducted among 5 020 residents over 60 years old who participated in the physical examination in 2017 in Qianqiao Community of Fengxian District of Shanghai， among them， there were 2 188 males， with an average age of （70.56±6.79） years， and 2 832 females， with an average age of （70.20±7.36） years. The survey contents included questionnaires， height and weight measurements and blood tests（fasting blood sugar， triglyceride， total cholesterol）. Results： The average body mass index of residents over 60 years old in Qianqiao Community of Fengxian District was （24.70±3.42） kg/m2； the detection rates of overweight and obesity were 41.1% and 15.8%， respectively， which were higher than the results of the national survey in the elderly in 2010. There was no significant difference in the prevalence of overweight and obesity between sexes（P>0.05）； the detection rates of overweight and obesity decreased with age， and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）； the overweight and obesity detection rates of the people with hypertension， diabetes， and dyslipidemia were higher than those of the normal population（P<0.05）. Conclusion： The prevalence of overweight and obesity among residents over 60 years old in Qianqiao Community of Fengxian District， Shanghai is higher， and the proportion of the incidence of chronic diseases in overweight and obese people is also higher. Community education should be strengthened to improve residents health awareness and control the increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity.

KEY WORDS overweight； obesity； elderly people； body mass index

民政部《2015年社会服务发展统计公报》显示，2015年中国60岁及以上老年人达到2.22亿，占总人口的16.15%。预计到2020年将达到2.48亿[1]。《上海市老年人口和老龄事业监测统计调查制度》报告上海市60岁及以上老年人口达457.79万人，占人口的31.6%，比上一年增加了21.84萬人，增长了5.0%，占总人比重增加了1.4个百分点，上海老龄化程度高于全国水平[2]。老年人群是心血管疾病和代谢性疾病的高风险人群，体重的控制对减少这些疾病的发生具有重要意义。本文旨在分析上海奉贤区钱桥社区60岁以上老年居民的超重和肥胖的流行现状以及与慢性疾病的关系，为社区干预提供依据。

1 对象和方法

1.1 对象

调查对象为5 020名参与2017年上海奉贤区钱桥社区体检的60岁以上居民，平均年龄（70.92±7.12岁）；其中男性2 188人，平均年龄（70.56±6.79）岁；女……