张翼

[摘要] 目的 探究腦室-腹腔分流术治疗小儿脑积水的疗效及并发症。方法 从该院2011年12月—2018年12月方便选取82例小儿脑积水患者，将患儿随机分成两组，每组41例，一组为对照组，采用传统脑室-腹腔分流术进行治疗。另一组为观察组，采用腹腔镜下脑室-腹腔分流术进行治疗。观察两组患者的治疗效果、相关治疗指标和术后并发症的发生情况。结果 采用腹腔镜下脑室-腹腔分流术进行治疗的观察组患者，治疗有效率为95.12%，对照组为75.61%，两组数据差异有统计学意义（χ2=6.247，P=0.012）。观察组患者的切口长度为（1.63±0.91）cm，对照组患者的切口长度为（2.22±0.87）cm，两组数据差异有统计学意义（t=3.007，P=0.003）。观察组患者的住院时间为（8.12±1.51）d，对照组患者的住院时间为（10.56±1.67）d，两组数据差异有统计学意义（t=6.939，P=0.001）。观察组患者的并发症发生率为7.32%，明显比对照组并发症的发生率29.27%更低，两组数据差异有统计学意义（χ2=6.609，P=0.002）。结论 脑室-腹腔分流术是治疗小儿脑积水的有效方式，腹腔镜下脑室-腹腔分流术的治疗效果优于常规传统的脑室-腹腔分流术，能够有效缩短住院时间，减少切口长度，降低并发症发生率。

[关键词] 脑室-腹腔分流术;小儿脑积水;疗效;并发症

[中图分类号] R726          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1674-0742（2019）11（a）-0012-04

Analysis of the Efficacy and Complications of Ventriculo-peritoneal Shunt in the Treatment of Children with Hydrocephalus

ZHANG Yi

Chengdu Women and Children's Center Hospital， Department of General Surgery， Second Division， Chengdu， Sichuan Province， 610000 China

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the efficacy and complications of ventriculo-peritoneal shunt in the treatment of children with hydrocephalus. Methods From December 2011 to December 2018， 82 children with hydrocephalus were convenient enrolled. The children were randomly divided into two groups， 41 in each group. One group was the control group. The traditional ventriculo-peritoneal shunt was used. The other group was the observation group， which was treated with laparoscopic ventriculo-peritoneal shunt. The treatment effects， related treatment indicators and postoperative complications of the two groups were observed. Results The effective rate of treatment was 95.12% in the observation group treated with laparoscopic ventriculo-peritoneal shunt. The control group was 75.61%. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant （χ2=6.247， P=0.012） . The length of the incision in the observation group was （1.63±0.91）cm， and the length of the incision in the control group was（2.22±0.87）cm. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant（t=3.007， P=0.003）. The hospitalization time of the observation group was （8.12±1.51）d， and the hospitalization time of the control group was （10.56±1.67）d. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant（t=6.939， P=0.001）. The complication rate of the observation group was 7.32%， which was significantly lower than the incidence of complications in the control group of 29.27%. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant （χ2=6.609， P=0.002）. Conclusion Ventricular-peritoneal shunt is an effective way to treat hydrocephalus in children. Laparoscopic ventricular-peritoneal shunt is better than conventional ventriculo-peritoneal shunt， which can effectively shorten hospital stay， reduce incision length and reduce the incidence of complications.

[Key words] Ventriculo-peritoneal shunt; Pediatric hydrocephalus; Efficacy; Complications

小儿脑积水主要是由于脑脊液循环通路被阻塞，导致颅内集聚大量脑脊液，脑室发生进行性扩大，使脑室周围组织水肿变性或者缺血缺氧，是一种临床常见的神经外科疾病。脑积水会引发各种神经功能障碍，以及大脑不良发育，严重影响患儿的成长发育[1-2]。……