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城市化进程中的宅基地退出机制研究

2018-12-29郑晴

湖北农业科学 2018年19期

郑晴

摘要:在城市化进程中,城市不断扩张造成建设用地的需求量日益增加。在中国农村地区,宅基地出现闲置的现象,造成了土地的不合理利用和浪费。因此,通过加大对农村宅基地退出机制的探索,不仅能够合理解决宅基地闲置问题,而且对于缓解城市化进程中土地资源稀缺的状况具有重要的现实意义。通过整理相关文献总结了在城市化进程中宅基地利用的现状、存在的问题,并对现存问题进行原因分析。鉴借天津“宅基地换房”模式、无锡“双置换”模式和河南省“补贴置换”模式,对宅基地退出模式进行探讨,提出宅基地退出的政策建议。

关键词:城市化;宅基地;退出机制

中图分类号:F301.2 文献标识码:A

文章编号:0439-8114(2018)19-0072-04

DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.19.015 开放科学(资源服务)标识码(OSID):

Study on the Exit Mechanism of Homestead in the Process of Urbanization

ZHENG Qing

(College of Public Administration,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China)

Abstract: In the process of urbanization, the city's growing demand for construction land is increasing. But in China's rural areas, homesteads appear a lot of idle phenomenon, resulting in unreasonable use of land and waste. Therefore, by increasing the exploration of the rural homestead exit mechanism, it can not only solve the problem of homestead idle, but also has important practical significance for alleviating the scarcity of land resources in the process of urbanization. The current situation and existing problems of homestead utilization in the process of urbanization are summarized, and analyze the existing problems. In addition, the exit mode of homestead was discussed through the mode of "homestead land exchange" in Tianjin, "double displacement" mode in Wuxi and "subsidy replacement" mode in Henan Province. Finally, through the research on the exit mechanism of homestead, put forward policy suggestions.

Key words: urbanization;homestead;exit mechanism

从社会发展的规律来看,城市化是人类经济和社会发展的必然结果。目前,中国的城市化水平与世界平均水平还有一定差距,但随着城市化进程的加快和城市化水平的不断提高,中国的城市化水平逐步进入快速发展阶段[1]。城市化在给中国带来诸多效益的同时,也带来一些负面影响。城市的就业机会、发展前景和較好的生活条件,吸引大量的农村劳动人口向城市转移,他们常年居住在外甚至直接在城市定居,导致农村出现“空心村”现象[2]。宅基地闲置不仅是对土地资源的浪费,而且不利于土地的集约利用。因此,在城市化背景下加快农村宅基地制度改革,积极探索宅基地退出机制刻不容缓。……

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