孙嘉泽

[摘要]目的 研究上肢功能性前伸测试（FRT）预测老年住院患者跌倒危险的有效性。方法 选取我院2016年10月～2017年3月收治的100老年患者为研究对象，依据既往1年内有无跌倒史将患者分为有跌倒史组和无跌倒史组，每组各50例。两组均在同一时间段进行FRT和5次坐立试验（FTSST）预测患者跌倒危险性，比较两组在年龄、性别、FRT距离和FTSST时间和体重指数（BMI）间的差异，通过改良后Morse跌倒风险评分比较FRT及FTSST的有效性。结果 测试后，有跌倒史组FRT分值显著高于无跌倒史组，有跌倒史组FTSST显著低于无跌倒史组（P<0.05），FRT的Morse跌倒风险评分为87.5%，明显优于FTSS的Morse跌倒风险评分71.88（P<0.05），Logistic回归分析显示FRT的距离与跌倒危险明显关联（OR：1.3903）。结论 FRT是在一种简便、省时的功能性测试工具，可有效对老年人跌倒危险进行筛查，值得临床推广采用。

[关键词]上肢功能性前伸测试；5次坐立试验；跌倒危险；有效性

[中图分类号] R473 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2018）9（a）-0173-04

[Abstract] Objective To study the effectiveness of upper limb functional extension test （FRT） in predicting the risk of falls in elderly hospitalized patients. Methods 100 elderly patients who were admitted to our hospital from October 2016 to March 2017 were selected as subjects. According to the history of falls in the past year， the subjects were divided into fall history group and non-fall history group， 50 cases in each group. Both groups were underwent FRT and five sit-up test （FTSST） to predict the risk of falling in the same time period. The two groups were compared in age， gender， FRT distance and FTSST time. The difference between body mass index （BMI） and the effectiveness of FRT and FTSST were compared by the modified Morse fall risk score. Results After testing， the FRT score of the fall history group was significantly higher than that of the non-fall history group. The FTSST of the fall history group was significantly lower than that of the non-fall history group （P<0.05）， and the Morse fall risk score of the FRT was 87.5%. The TMorse fall risk score of FTSS was 71.88， the difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. Logistic regression analysis showed that the distance of FRT was significantly associated with the risk of falls （OR：1.3903）. Conclusion FRT is a simple and time-saving functional testing tool that can effectively screen the risk of falls in the elderly and is worthy of clinical promotion.

[Key words] Upper limb functional extension test； 5 sitting test； Fall risk； Effectiveness

随着我国老龄化进程的加快，我国老年群体占比显著上升。调查发现，由于慢性疾病、功能退化及环境危险等因素，老年人发生跌倒的概率较高[1-2]。跌倒易对患者造成直接伤害，甚至死亡，已成为老年群体严重的公共卫生问题[3]。准确地识别跌倒危险因素，有效预测及干预是减轻跌倒伤害的主要策略。5次坐立试验（FTSST）是一种通过计时的功能性测试检查，简便、快捷，但由于需进行5次坐立到站动作，不适用较严重功能受限患者，具有一定的局限性[4]。上肢功能性前伸測试（FRT）是一种测试过程简单、快捷适用于广大老年人的功能性测试检查，可有效评估老年人跌倒危险[5]。本研究就此进行研究并取得较好效果，现报道如下。

1资料与方法

1.1一般资料

选取我院2016年10月～2017年3月收治的100老年受试者为研究对象。……