余友恒 马堃 王艳奇

摘要 为了研究库拉索芦荟活性成分对腐败希瓦氏菌的抑制作用，采用琼脂打孔法，测定了在不同处理条件下的芦荟活性成分对腐败希瓦氏菌的抑菌活性。结果表明，芦荟中存在的活性成分能够有效抑制腐败希瓦氏菌的生长，其MIC为20%；抑菌效果在20～80 ℃范围内较为稳定，60 ℃处理后抑菌效果最佳；当pH值处于5～9时，抑菌圈直径在10.9～12.1 mm范围内，因而芦荟活性物能够稳定抑菌；通过微生物生长曲线以及其电导率的测定，进一步证明了芦荟活性提取物对腐败希瓦氏菌的生长有一定的抑制作用。

关键词 库拉索芦荟；活性提取物；腐败希瓦氏菌；琼脂打孔法；抑菌

中图分类号 R285.5 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-5739（2018）19-0265-02

Abstract In order to study the inhibitory effect of active compsonents of aloe vera against Shewanella putrefaciens，the inhibitory activity of active components of aloe against Shewanella putrefaciens was determined by agar perforation method.The results showed that the active components of aloe vera could effectively inhibit the growth of Shewanella putrefaciens，its MIC was 20%；the bacteriostatic effect was stable when the temperature was 20-80 ℃，and the best was at 60 ℃.The diameter of bacteriostatic circle was within 10.9-12.1 mm，when the pH value was 5-9，so the active components of aloe vera could stabilize the bacteriostatic activity.It was further proved that the active extracts of aloe vera had a certain inhibitory effect on the growth of Shewanella putrefaciens by the microorganism growth curve and the determination of conductivity.

Key words aloe vera；active extract；Shewanella putrefaciens；agar perforation method；bacteriostasis

蘆荟为多年生、常绿、多肉质草本植物。芦荟的种类繁多，其中库拉索芦荟、好望角芦荟、木立芦荟、开普芦荟被广泛应用于医学、美容与食用等领域[1]。本试验选用库拉索芦荟（Aloe barbadensis Miller）为试验材料。库拉索芦荟也称美国翠叶芦荟，其叶大肥厚、胶质丰富、品质优秀，是有益于药食应用的品种之一[2]。芦荟的主要成分为芦荟大黄素甙、异芦荟大黄素甙、芦荟甙等，而芦荟中的芦荟酊有着很强的抗菌性，不仅能杀灭真菌、霉菌、细菌、病毒，还能抑制、消灭病原体发育繁殖[3-5]。本试验以海产品中常见菌腐败希瓦氏菌为研究对象，测定了在不同pH值、温度处理条件下芦荟活性成分对腐败希瓦氏菌的抑制效果，再通过测绘加入芦荟汁的菌体生长曲线和电导率曲线来探索芦荟提取物作为抑菌剂在水产方面应用的参考价值。……