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1例口服华法林治疗下肢静脉血栓患者的用量调整分析

2018-11-27孙占军裴萍赵桂柱

中国当代医药 2018年23期
关键词:剂量

孙占军 裴萍 赵桂柱

[摘要]华法林是双香豆素类口服抗凝药,用于预防和治疗血栓栓塞性疾病,临床应用中医生通常根据凝血酶原时间国际标准化比值(INR值)调整华法林的用量。本文详细记录1例华法林治疗下肢静脉血栓患者用药调整过程。在此事例中,药师结合患者INR值的变化为华法林剂量调整提出合理方案,使INR值维持在要求范围。通过此事例证明从华法林用药方案的制定到调配方法的选择,药师的作用不容忽视。

[关键词]华法林;下肢静脉血栓;凝血酶原时间国际标准化比值;剂量调整

[中图分类号] R364 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2018)8(b)-0196-03

One case analysis of dosage adjustment for deep vein thrombosis(DVT) treatment with warfarin oral analysis of dosage adjustment of one patient with lower limb venous thrombosis treated by oral warfarin

SUN Zhan-jun1 PEI Ping2 ZHAO Gui-zhu1

1. Department of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolian Bao Gang Hospital, Baotou, Inner Mongolia 014010, China; 2. Department of Pharmacy, Inner Mongolian Yiji Hospital, Baotou, Inner Mongolia 014030, China

[Abstract] Warfarin is a double coumarin oral anticoagulant used to prevent and treat thromboembolic diseases. In clinical application, doctors usually adjust the dosage of warfarin according to the international standard ratio of prothrombin time(INR value). This article records in detail the process of medication adjustment of a patient with lower limb venous thrombosis treated with warfarin. In this case, pharmacists put forward a reasonable plan for warfarin dosage adjustment based on changes in the INR value of patients, so as to maintain the INR value within the required range. This case proves that the role of pharmacists cannot be ignored from the formulation of warfarin medication plan to the selection of deployment methods.

[Key words] Warfarin; Deep vein thrombosis; Prothrombin time and international normalized ratio; Dosage adjustment

華法林是目前广泛应用的双香豆素类口服抗凝药,其主要用于预防及治疗深静脉血栓及肺栓塞、预防心肌梗死后血栓栓塞并发症(卒中或体循环栓塞),预防心房颤动、心瓣膜疾病或人工瓣膜置换术后引起的血栓栓塞并发症(卒中或体循环栓塞)。因其疗效明确、价格便宜而广泛使用。但是由于华法林的治疗窗窄,剂量个体差异大, 剂量受各种因素影响,容易发生出血或血栓。临床上,医生需根据凝血酶原时间国际标准化比值(INR)多次调整华法林剂量。本文就我院1例华法林治疗下肢静脉血栓患者用药调整过程进行分析,以期能合理调整给药剂量达到INR比值(2~3)要求。

1 病例资料

患者,男,74岁,于2017年8月12日就诊,体重 80 kg,身高175 cm,体温36.5℃,脉搏70次/分,呼吸20次/分,血压120/60 mmHg。既往高血压史、糖尿病史。患者双下肢肿胀、疼痛伴全身瘙痒。查下肢静脉超声示:右下肢股总、股深、股浅静脉及腘静脉管腔通畅,内无回声,探头加压管腔可消失。……

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