铝合金车门内板成形工艺数值模拟及模具设计
2018-11-24刘晓晶陈晓桐张晓华陈龙赵宇桐
刘晓晶 陈晓桐 张晓华 陈龙 赵宇桐
摘 要:在冲压拉延过程中为了减少汽车覆盖件产生起皱和破裂等缺陷,针对材料为AA6009铝合金的车门内板,运用有限元软件DYNAFORM进行拉深成形数值模拟和工艺优化。采用设置板料压边力,摩擦系数以及拉延筋的方法,以内板的成形极限图(FLD)和壁厚分布图为衡量标准,对成形缺陷产生的原因进行预测和优化,得到最佳加载方式。然后运用三维造型软件UG进行了汽车内板的凸、凹模和压边圈的设计并进行了模具零部件的设计,完成了模具装配与校核。结果表明,在凹模上设置拉延筋并且设置合理的压边力和摩擦系数,可以有效地提高工件的成形质量,防止起皱和破裂的产生,最后运用UG进行三维零件的绘制与装配,减少了模具研发的时间与试模周期。
关键词:汽车覆盖件;数值模拟;汽车门内板;有限元
DOI:10.15938/j.jhust.2018.04.022
中图分类号: TG394
文献标志码: A
文章编号: 1007-2683(2018)04-0118-04
Abstract:In the drawing process in order to reduce automobile wrinkling and rupture defect, In view of the material for the AA6009 aluminum alloy door inner plate, using the finite element software DYNAFORM to carry on the drawing forming numerical simulation and the craft optimization. By setting the sheet blank holder force, drawbead and friction coefficient method, the forming limit diagram (FLD) and the wall thickness distribution of the plate are measured as the standard., prediction and optimization of the cause of forming defects, get the best loading. Then use the threedimensional modeling software UG to carry on the automobile interior board convex, concave die and the blank holder design and carried on the mold component design, completed the mold assembly and the check.. The result show that set draw bead on die and effective binder force and proper coefficient of friction may reduce the tendency of wrinkling and improve the quality of stamping product. Finally, the use of UG for threedimensional parts of the drawing and assembly, reduce the time of mold development and test mode cycle.
Keywords:automobile panel; numerical simulation; automobile door inner panel; finite element
0 引 言
鋁合金汽车覆盖件能够满足汽车轻量化的特殊要求,能满足冲压件的强度要求,减轻对原材料的消耗及零件的重量,近年来已经成为许多人研究的热点[1-2]。板料成形是一个非常复杂的过程,很多因素都影响着成形的结果。但由于铝合金成形性差,汽车覆盖件尺寸较大,壁厚分布不均匀,曲面多且形状复杂,在普通的传统拉深工艺中很难一次成形[3-4]。如果只依靠在生产中发现问题并进行调试的话,生产周期将会大大拉长[5-6]。而在模具制造之前对板料的成形进行计算机数值模拟,并依据模拟的结果来设计、制造模具,这将会缩短模具的调试时间从而达到短周期、高质量的设计目的[7-8]。……
