朱见玲 刘秋文

[摘要]目的 探讨术后强化护理干预对急性心肌梗死行经皮冠状动脉介入术（PCI）患者并发症和生活质量的影响。方法 选取2015年12月～2017年12月我院行PCI治疗的58例急性心肌梗死患者作为研究对象，采用随机双盲法将其分为研究组和参照组，每组29例。参照组患者术后进行常规护理干预，研究组患者则接受强化护理干预。比较两组患者干预前后的生活质量和并发症总发生率。结果 干预前，两组患者的生活质量评分比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；干预后两组患者的各项生活评分均有所提高，而研究组患者的生活质量评分及总分均显著高于参照组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。研究组患者的并发症总发生率显著低于参照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 对于急性心肌梗死行PCI患者，术后给予针对性的强化干预，能有效减少术后相关并发症，提高患者生存质量，具有临床推广应用价值。

[关键词]急性心肌梗死；经皮冠状动脉介入术；护理干预；并发症；生活质量

[中图分类号] R473.5 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2018）7（c）-0186-03

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the influence of intensive nursing intervention after operation on the complications and quality of life of patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention （PCI）. Methods Fifty-eight patients with acute myocardial infarction（AMI） treated by PCI in our hospital from December 2015 to December 2017 were selected as the research object and divided into the research group and the reference group with 29 cases in each group by random double blind method. Patients in the reference group was received routine nursing intervention after surgery， while patients in the study group was received intensive nursing intervention. The quality of life and the total incidence of complications before and after the intervention were compared between the two groups. Results Before the intervention， there was no significant difference in the quality of life scores between the two groups （P>0.05）. After the intervention， all the life scores of the patients in the two groups were improved， while the quality of life scores and total scores of the patients in the study group were significantly higher than those in the reference group， and the differences were statistically significant （P<0.05）. The total incidence of complications in the study group was significantly lower than that in the reference group， with significant difference （P<0.05）. Conclusion Intensive intervention for patients with acute myocardial infarction after PCI can effectively reduce postoperative complications and improve the quality of life of patients. It has the value of clinical popularization and application.

[Key words] Acute myocardial infarction； Percutaneous coronary intervention； Nursing intervention； Complications； Quality of life

急性心肌梗死（AMI）往往發病急，且病情进展迅速，还可能并发心律失常、心功能衰竭、心源性休克等严重并发症，患者的死亡率较高[1]。临床对于AMI患者常给予经皮冠状动脉介入治疗（PCI）术进行治疗，PCI能成功打通梗死血管进行再灌注，重建缺血心肌的血运，帮助存活的心肌恢复功能，从而显著降低AMI死亡率[2-3]。近年来，PCI技术不断成熟，手术创伤小、术后恢复快、已成为治疗心血管疾病的重要诊疗方法[4-5]。但是PCI毕竟属于有创手术，术后患者仍处于危险状态，护理不当可能会引起相应的并发症，而且患者的生活质量也会受到各种因素的影响，因此术后进行针对性的强化干预对于AMI患者的术后恢复和康复具有重要作用[6-7]。本……