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基于异常事件驱动的簇结构的检测算法

2018-10-24常坤武风波张渤刘海强

现代电子技术 2018年20期

常坤 武风波 张渤 刘海强

摘 要: 有效地使用传感节点能量,并提高检测异常事件概率,成为无线传感网络应用研究热点。为此,提出基于异常事件驱动的簇结构的检测算法(AEDCTD)。AEDCTD算法通过异常事件位置建立簇,然后由簇内节点检测事件。在建立簇时,考虑了节点对事件的检测概率及节点剩余能量,只有当剩余能量大于能量阈值的节点才可能加入簇。同时,引用动态能量阈值,平衡能耗。实验数据表明,AEDCTD算法具有较低的漏检率,同时,AEDCTD算法与CCM和GEP?ADS算法的能耗相比分别降低了近4.1%和5.8%。

关键词: 无线传感网; 异常事件; 簇; 节点能量; 检测算法; 漏检率

中图分类号: TN911?34; TPT393 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1004?373X(2018)20?0037?05

Abstract: Effective use of sensor node energy and improvement of abnormal event detection probability have become hot research spots in wireless sensor network application. Therefore, an algorithm for abnormal event driven cluster topology detection (AEDCTD) is proposed. In the AEDCTD algorithm, the cluster is constructed according to the positions of abnormal events, and events are detected by nodes in the cluster. During cluster construction, the event detection probability and residual energy of nodes are considered, and only the nodes whose residual energy is larger than the energy threshold can join the cluster. The dynamic energy threshold is introduced to balance energy consumption. The experimental results show that in comparison with the CCM and GEP?ADS algorithms, the AEDCTD algorithm has lower missed detection probability, and can save energy consumption of about 4.1% and 5.8% respectively.

Keywords: wireless sensor network; abnormal event; cluster; node energy; detection algorithm; missed detection probability

0 引 言

無线传感网络(Wireless Sensor Networks,WSNs)已在各类应用中广泛使用[1?3],如环境监测、健康医疗、战场勘察。WSNs通过传感节点实时感测环境数据,实现对应用环境的监测。一旦检测异常事件,就感测环境数据,并将数据传输到信宿,如图1所示。检测异常事件是WSNs的重要应用之一[4]。一旦发生异常事件,如火灾、污染物泄漏,就希望传感节点及时地感测异常事件发生位置,并向此信息传递至信宿。然而,由于外界环境干扰及传感节点自身特性的影响,可能会发生对异常事件的漏检情况。其中,传感节点自身资源受限,如存储容量、数据处理能力及能量受限,尤其是能量受限。由于WSNs常部署于野外恶劣环境,给传感节点补给能量或更换电池都不具有可操作性[5]。因此,降低传感节点能耗,提高节点的能量使用率,延长对环境的检测时间成为WSNs的研究重点。……

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