花枝摇曳 多重人生
2018-10-22吴昊
吴昊
Jiang Tingxi is an extremely special existence among court painters of the Qing Dynasty (1636-1912). Though working for the Qing court, he was not influenced by the ossification and rigidity of court paintings. He is of great attainments in poems and literature, and his painting works not in large numbers but become very precious in todays artwork auction market. His paintings have a variety of styles, sometimes magnificent and graceful, sometimes easy and free. He is not only an outstanding court painter, but a star deserving the attention of the collection market.
清代宮廷画坛,蒋廷锡是个极为特殊的存在。他虽身在宫廷,却未沾染宫廷绘画的僵化、呆板;他虽身为画家,却在诗词文学上修养极深;他虽传世作品不多,却成了今天艺术品拍卖市场上的“香饽饽”。他的画,可雍容富丽,可野逸洒脱。他既是宫廷画师中的扛鼎之人,又是文人传统里的书画俊杰,更是今天收藏市场中当之无愧的明星。
一般提到宫廷画家,多为侍奉宫廷的专职画师,但蒋廷锡却是个例外,这也正是为何他能跳出藩篱、名动画坛的原因所在。蒋廷锡出生于官宦世家,康熙四十二年中进士,是为第二甲第四名。授翰林院编修,历官礼部侍郎、户部尚书、文华殿大学士。史载其在任秉公抚政、剔除积弊,声誉甚著,是为一代名臣。他曾任《明史》总裁及《佩文韵府》《康熙字典》《古今图书集成》等典籍总纂官,为保存和整理我国古代文献贡献良多。而他本人也极喜收藏文献,庋藏古籍万余册,藏书处有“青铜轩”,藏书印有“蒋扬孙考藏记”“蒋氏家藏图书印”等。此外,他的诗也写得很好,有《青桐轩诗集》六卷、《片云集》一卷、《西山爽气集》三卷、《破山集》一卷和《秋风集》一卷等存世,在清代诗坛自有其地位,被列为“江左十五才子”之一。可见,即使不是画家,他也足以凭其他才能和成就名垂青史。
多重身份的蒋廷锡有着高于一般画家的眼界和思想,也让他的艺术创作有了不同凡响的气质和韵味。他的画,以花鸟最为出色,多用没骨淡彩,富贵却不艳俗;也有文人式的墨笔写意,清丽脱俗,颇具意趣。……
