沈颖燕 陈秀兰 陈细兰 陈聪 焦韵婷 赖伟华 熊志强 李桃

中图分类号 R95 文献标志码 A 文章编号 1001-0408（2018）23-3285-04

DOI 10.6039/j.issn.1001-0408.2018.23.25

摘 要 目的：优化智能药柜内药品储位，提高药师调剂药品的工作效率。方法：调取我院门诊药房智能化药房CONSIS系统2017年6月的44 916张处方，运用Excel中的关联规则挖掘工具，使用Apriori算法计算人工发药频次高的48种药品的支持度、置信度，统计2种药品出现在同一处方中的频次。根据关联规则结果，将有关联的药品摆放在智能药柜内相邻或相近的抽屉以缩短药师取药时间。比较智能药柜内药品储位调整前后实时窗口患者平均候药时间，以评价调整效果。结果：根据关联规则计算所得支持度和置信度结果，将出现在同一处方中频次较高的药品优先放置在相邻的智能药柜内，最终共调整了智能药柜内30个药品的放置位置。药品储位调整前（2017年6月）、后（2017年11月）患者平均候药时间分别为7.20、5.77 min（统计的处方分别为15 465、16 108张），两者比较差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：运用关联规则可定量测量药品间的相关联系以优化智能药柜内药品储位，从而提高药师工作效率，缩短患者的候药时间。

关键词 智能化药房；关联规则；智能药柜；药品储位；优化

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE： To optimize the drug storage position of intelligent drug cabinet， and to improve work efficiency of drug dispensing of pharmacist. METHODS： 44 916 prescriptions were collected from intelligent pharmacy CONSIS system in outpatient pharmacy of our hospital in Jun. 2017. Using association rule mining tools in Excel， Apriori algorithms was used to calculate the support and confidence of 48 drugs with high frequency of artificial drug dispensing. The frequency of 2 kinds of drug in same prescription was analyzed statistically. According to the results of association rule， the associated drugs were placed in the adjacent or nearby drawer of the intelligent drug cabinet to shorten the time for the pharmacist to take drug. The average waiting time of patients in pharmacy window were compared before and after adjusting the storage of drugs in intelligent drug cabinet so as to evaluate the effects of adjustment. RESULTS： According to the support and confidence of association rules， the drugs with high frequency in the same prescription would be placed in the adjacent intelligent drug cabinet. Finally， the position of 30 kinds of drugs had been adjusted. The average waiting time of patients were 7.20 and 5.77 min （15 465 and 16 108 prescriptions） before （Jun. 2017） and after （Nov. 2017） the adjustment of drug storage position； there was statistical significance（P<0.05）. CONCLUSIONS： Association rules can be used to measure drug correlation quantitatively to optimize drug storage position of intelligent drug cabinet， so as to improve work efficiency of pharmacy and shorten waiting time of patients.

KEYWORDS Intelligent pharmacy； Association rule； Intelligent drug cabinet； Drug storage position； Optimize

隨着“新医改”政策在公立医院改革中的广泛推行[1-2]及现代科学技术的飞速发展，医院药房需要不断完善自身信息化管理系统，并建设以自动化设备为基础的智能化药房，从而提高自身的经营效率和服务品质。如何严格管理与维护自动化设备，合理分配人与机器之间的任务，在充分发挥自动化设备的使用效益的同时防范相关医疗错误，加强智能化药房建设，成为现在医院智能化药房质量管理的重要内容之一[3-5]。……