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登革病毒NS1抗原捕获酶联免疫吸附试验在登革热实验室诊断中的应用价值

2018-10-10王陈龙何思杰顾大勇冯杰娥何建安曾庆洋

中国医学创新 2018年22期
关键词:诊断

王陈龙 何思杰 顾大勇 冯杰娥 何建安 曾庆洋

【摘要】 目的:旨在检测登革病毒NS1抗原捕获酶联免疫吸附试验在登革热实验室诊断中的应用价值,为登革病毒早诊早筛提供帮助。方法:选取2012-2016年间于本院就诊的疑似登革病毒感染患者的血清学标本共362例,通过过胶体金免疫层析法、荧光聚合酶链式反应以及NS1-ELISA试验对登革热诊断的灵敏度、特异性、阳性及阴性预测值、阳性及阴性似然比和约登指数等统计学指标进行比较。

结果:三种检测方法中,金标法具有较高的检测率(64.64%),然而其灵敏度和特异性较差(分别为87.80%和65.61%);NS1-ELISA试验具有较高的灵敏度(91.22%)、阴性预测值(87.50%)及约登指数(0.71)和较低的阴性似然比(10.94%);qPCR法则具有较高的特异性(85.99%)、阳性预测值(88.72%)和阳性似然比(598.51%)。三种检测方法的灵敏度比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);金标法和qPCR法的特异性比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),其他无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:登革病毒NS1抗原捕获酶联免疫吸附试验的检测效能较优,在登革热的诊断中具有一定的应用价值,能够为登革热的早诊早筛提供帮助。

【关键词】 登革病毒; 酶联免疫吸附试验; 诊断

【Abstract】 Objective:To investigate the application significance of dengue virus NS1 antigen capture ELISA in the early diagnosis of dengue fever,in order to provide diagnostic and screening methods for clinical application.Method:Serum samples were obtained from 362 borderline cases of dengue virus infection in our hospital from 2012 to 2016.Exploite colloidal gold immunochromatography (GICT),quantative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and NE1 antigen capture ELISA (NS1-ELISA) were used to assess the sensitivity,specificity,positive and negative predictive value,positive and negative likelihood ratio and Youden index.Result:Compared with other test methods,the detection rate of the GICT had the highest value (64.64%),however, its sensitivity and specificity were relatively lower (87.80% and 65.61%, respectively).NS1-ELISA had the highest sensitivity (91.22%),negative predictive value (87.50%) and Youden index (0.71) as well as the lowest negative likelihood ratio (10.94%). qPCR had the highest specificity (85.99%), positive predictive value (88.72%) and positive likelihood ratio (598.51%).No significant differences were found in sensitivities among three methods(P>0.05).The specificity between GICT assay and qPCR assay was statistically significant(P<0.01),but there were no significant differences among other comparison groups(P>0.05).Conclusion:The detection efficiency of dengue virus NS1 antigen capture ELISA is relatively high,which has application value in the diagnosis of dengue fever and can offer assistance in the early diagnosis and timely screening of dengue fever.

【Key words】 Dengue virus; Enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay; Diagnosis

First-authors address:Nanhai Hospital of Southern Medical University,Foshan 528114,China

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2018.22.037

登革熱是热带亚热带地区极为高发的传染病[1],致病病原体登革病毒是黄病毒属的重要成员[2],以伊蚊作为传播媒介[3]。目前,针对登革病毒仍无行之有效的特效药和疫苗[4],因而,对登革热的早期诊断显得尤为重要。登革病毒非结构蛋白NS1在病毒的感染、复制及致病过程之中具有至关重要的作用。研究证实,NS1蛋白在4种病毒血清型间高度保守,其在血清中的检测常早于IgM抗体和RNA的产生,在登革热的早期诊断中具有重要作用[5]。……

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