李生茂 刘琳 潘媛 敖慧 唐友爱

【摘 要】 目的：研究川芎挥发油的化学成分及其抗氧化活性。方法：采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取川芎挥发油，采用气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）分析其化学成分，分别采用1，1-二苯基苦基苯肼（DPPH）法和2，2-联氮-二（3-乙基-苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）二铵盐（ABTS）法评价其抗氧化活性。结果：川芎挥发油中共检出73个色谱峰，确认了其中33个色谱峰所代表的化学成分，占总峰面积的85.15%，其中以Z-藁本内酯相对含量最高，占总峰面积的46.17%。川芎挥发油对DPPH和ABTS自由基均具有清除作用，IC50分别为0.2325 mg/mL和0.1763 mg/mL。结论：川芎挥发油主要含有以藁本内酯为代表的内酯类成分，具有一定抗氧化活性。研究结果可为川芎挥发油的进一步开发利用提供一定的参考。

【关键词】 川芎；挥发油；GC-MS；抗氧化

【中图分类号】R284.1 【文献标志码】 A【文章编号】1007-8517（2018）02-0016-05

Abstract：Objective To study chemical constituents and antioxidant capacity of the essential oil from Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort. Methods The essential oil of Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort was obtained by steam distillation and its chemical constituents was analyzed and identified by GC-MS. The antioxidant capacity of the essential oil was determined by DPPH and ABTS free radical scavenging method. Results 73 chemical compounds were detected and 33 compounds（representing 85.15% of the total peak area） were identified in the essential oil from Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort， and the major compound was Z-Ligustilide （representing 46.17% of the total peak area）. The essential oil from Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort had the effect of scavenging DPPH and ABTS free radical， and the IC50 was 0.2325mg/mLand 0.1763mg/mL respectively. Conclusion The main component of essential oil from Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort was Z-Ligustilide. The essential oil had antioxidant activity. This study will provide reference for further development of the essential oil from Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort.

Keywords：Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort； Essential oil； GC-MS； Antioxidant

川芎為伞形科藁本属多年生草本植物川芎Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort.的干燥根茎，始载于《神农本草经》，中医认为其性温，味辛，归肝、胆、心包经，具有活血行气、祛风止痛的功效[1-3]。现代研究显示[4-11]，挥发油是川芎主要的活性物质之一，其含有苯酞类、烯萜醇及脂肪酸类等类化学成分，具有解热、镇痛、镇静、解痉、改善血液流变、降血压、抗缺血再灌注损伤及抗氧化等多种药理作用。其中，抗氧化是川芎挥发油重要的活性之一，与其体内对抗实验动物脑缺血再灌注损伤的作用关系密切[11-12]，但目前有关川芎挥发油的研究，多集中在不同提取方法基础上的化学成分比较，或单纯的药效评价，而关于其体外抗氧化活性的研究报道较少。……