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中医院艾滋病患者医院感染多重耐药菌监测分析

2018-09-17倪维杨柳刘光忠

中国医药导报 2018年22期

倪维 杨柳 刘光忠

[摘要] 目的 调查湖北省中医院(以下简称“我院”)与西医院之间艾滋病患者医院感染多重耐药菌构成与分布的差异,探讨中医院艾滋病患者预防多重耐药菌医院感染中存在的问题,并提出有效的措施以供参考。 方法 将2008年1月~2017年12月我院诊断医院感染的852例艾滋病患者送检的标本进行分离培养、细菌鉴定和药敏分析,并收集个人资料。 结果 我院多重耐药菌在艾滋病患者中检出率为51.17%;多重耐药菌感染艾滋病患者部位以下呼吸道(60.09%)为主,其次为血液系统(19.95%)、泌尿系统(14.91%);艾滋病患者感染多重耐药菌主要为铜绿假单胞菌(25.00%)、大肠埃希菌(20.18%)、凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(17.89%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(10.09%)、鲍曼不动杆菌(8.95%)、金黄色葡萄球菌(8.03%)、白色假丝酵母菌(6.88%)。 结论 与西医院相比,我院艾滋病患者医院感染多重耐药菌检出率较低,但应加强多重耐药菌谱的监测,重视中西医结合疗法,落实抗菌药物分级管理制度,以有效防控艾滋病患者医院感染多重耐药菌的发生。

[关键词] 中医院;艾滋病;医院感染;多重耐药;监测

[中图分类号] R446.5 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2018)08(a)-0143-04

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the differences of composition and distribution of multidrug-resistant bacteria in patients with HIV/AIDS between Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine ("our hospital" for short) and western hospitals, and to explore the existing problems in the prevention of multi-drug resistant bacteria hospital infection in traditional Chinese medicine hospitals and put forward effective measures for reference. Methods A total of 852 samples of the AIDS patients diagnosed with hospital infection in our hospital from January 2008 to December 2017 were isolated and cultured, bacterial identification and drug sensitivity analysis were conducted, and personal data were collected. Results The detection rate of multidrug-resistant bacteria in our hospital was 51.17%. The lower respiratory tract (60.09%) was the main infected part, followed by blood system (19.95%) and urinary system (14.91%). HIV/AIDS infection in patients with multiple drug-resistant bacteria were mainly Pseudomonas aeruginosa (25.00%), Escherichia coli (20.18%), coagulase negative staphylococcus (17.89%), Klebsiellapneumoniae (10.09%), Acinetobacterbaumannii (8.95%), Staphylococcus aureus (8.03%), Candida albicans (6.88%). Conclusion Compared with Western hospitals, the detection rate of multidrug-resistant bacteria is lower in our hospital. However, it is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of multidrug-resistant bacteria spectrum, attach importance to the combination therapy of Chinese and Western medicine, implement the classification management system of antibacterial drugs, so as to effectively control the occurrence of multiple drug-resistant bacteria hospital infection of AIDS patients.

[Key words] Hospital of traditional Chinese medicine; AIDS; Hospital infection; Multiple drug-resistant; Surveillance

中國疾病预防控制中心最新发布的疫情显示我国艾滋病防控形势异常严峻[1]。由于艾滋病患者免疫力低下,且长期接受广谱抗菌和抗病毒药物治疗,容易遭受多重耐药菌感染[2]。艾滋病患者发生多重耐药感染已成为临床治疗棘手问题之一[3]。近年来,随着综合西医院艾滋病患者医院感染多重耐药菌的多中心横断面调查[4-5]越来越广泛,其医院感染问题逐步受到重视,但鲜有综合中医院的类似报道。……

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