高正权　朱伟

摘 要：随着海上贸易的高速发展，对于船舶的货物承载能力也提出了更高的要求，更多的科研人员和一线工作人员投入到船舶的加工制造和后期维护管理中，海上船舶的研究制造进入高峰期，隨之而来的对于船舶主机的机电维护管理研究变得至关重要。同时对于船舶主机定期合理的机电维护关系着整个轮船航行过程中的货物和人员安全，船舶主机能否有效、安全和正常运转是船舶安全航行的基础，因此对于船舶主机的机电维护管理是船舶维护的重点工作，文章通过对船舶主机固定部件机电维护保养、运动部件机电维护保养和新船主机的维护保养等几个方面进行了研究，为相关船舶的主机有效维护提供了有益的参考，具有很强的现场指导意义。

关键词：船舶；主机；机电；维护；管理；研究

中图分类号：U664.1 文献标志码：A 文章编号：2095-2945（2018）23-0182-02

Abstract： With the rapid development of maritime trade， higher requirements have been put forward for the cargo carrying capacity of ships. More and more researchers and front-line workers have invested in the processing， manufacturing and later maintenance management of ships， and more scientific researchers and front-line workers have been involved in the ship's manufacturing and maintenance management. With the research and manufacture of marine ships entering the peak period， it is very important to study the mechanical and electrical maintenance and management of ship mainframe. At the same time， the regular and reasonable mechanical and electrical maintenance of the ship's main engine is related to the safety of the goods and personnel in the whole process of the ship's navigation. Therefore， the electromechanical maintenance and management of marine main engine is the key work of ship mainframe maintenance. This paper studies the electromechanical maintenance of fixed parts of marine mainframe， moving parts and mainframe of new ship through several aspects， such as electromechanical maintenance， moving parts and mainframe maintenance. It provides a useful reference for the effective maintenance of the main engine of the related ships， and has a strong guiding significance on the spot.

Keywords： ship； mainframe； mechatronics； maintenance； management； research

轮船中的最为重要的部件是轮船的主机，对于轮船主机的有效维护不仅关乎轮船的使用寿命，还和轮船的安全航行息息相关[1-10]。在轮船的日产维护管理中，首先由相关负责人按照轮船主机机电维护管理规定进行主机的机电维护与保养，在维护中，不仅要对于启动元件和燃烧元件非常熟悉，同时要求掌握相关的阀门、油路管线排布走向[2-20]，要求全面理解船舶主机的机电工作原理和工作思路。这样在维护过程中，才能实现快速定位故障点、短时间维护完毕的目标。

1 船舶主机固定系统的维护管理