郑力铭 易领兵 周达聪

摘 要：近年来，深基坑工程建设发展迅速，为了保证施工质量和安全，基坑监测技术得到了快速发展，对工程建设的指导作用也赢得了工程界的重视。本文以某建筑基坑的监测为例，阐述基坑监测的必要性；介绍该工程项目中基坑监测方案的设计及实施，并对监测结果进行分析和评价。结果表明：对该工程建筑基础的监测能快速、准确地反馈基坑变形信息，正确指导施工，保障施工安全，因而对类似的基坑工程有一定的参考价值。

关键词：建筑基坑监；测监测方案；监测点

中图分类号：TU753；TU974 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5168（2018）04-0125-03

Monitoring of a Deep Foundation Pit in a Building and Analysis of Its Results

ZHENG Liming1 YI Lingbing1 ZHOU Dacong2

（1. CCCC Railway Consultants Group Co.，Ltd.，Beijing 100000；2.Guangzhou Metro Design and Research Institute Co.，Ltd.，Guangzhou Guangdong 510010）

Abstract： In recent years， the construction of deep foundation pit has been developing rapidly. In order to ensure the quality and safety of construction， the monitoring technology of foundation pit has been developing rapidly， and the guiding role of engineering construction has also attracted the attention of the engineering community. Taking the monitoring of a building's foundation pit as an example， this paper expounded the necessity of foundation pit monitoring， introduced the design and implementation of foundation pit monitoring scheme in the project， and analyzed and evaluates the monitoring results. The results showed that monitoring the construction foundation of the project could quickly and accurately feedback the deformation information of the foundation pit， correctly guided the construction and ensured the safety of the construction. So it has a certain reference value for similar foundation pit engineering.

Keywords： construction foundation pit supervision；monitoring scheme；monitoring point

1 工程概况

以郑州某深基坑为例，本工程基坑开挖深度为11m，基坑侧壁安全等级分为一级、二级，根据基坑开挖深度、地层条件、周边环境和荷载情况，基坑围护结构采用天然放坡、土钉墙（复合土钉墙）和桩锚支护等形式。

2 监测方案

本基坑侧壁安全等级为一级、二级，测试对象应包括支护结构、地下水状况、基坑底部及周边土体、周边建筑、道路和地下水位监测项目等[1-3]。根据设计要求，本项目的具体项目如下：①基坑坡顶水平位移及竖向位移；②周边建筑物、道路沉降；③深层水平位移；④锚索内力。该建筑深基坑及其周边建筑物上述监测点布设如图1所示。

3 监测成果分析

3.1 坡頂水平、竖向位移监测

现将坡顶竖向位移、水平位移各监测点的重要参数整理成表1。坡顶竖向位移监测符号：“-”为下降，“+”为上升。坡顶水平位移监测符号：“+”为向基坑内位移，“-”为向基坑外位移。……