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基于有限元的车载钻机水龙头的结构分析与计算

2018-09-10刘栋梁顾继俊

河南科技 2018年4期

刘栋梁 顾继俊

摘 要:石油钻机指的是用来进行油气勘探、开发的一套联合机组。水龙头是石油钻机上联合提升、旋转、循环三大系统设备的关键部件,水龙头的轴承以及其他主要零件,都要满足一定的强度、刚度等设计要求。基于此,笔者介绍水龙头的结构特点和工作原理,以SL225水龙头为例,对其结构进行设计与分析。对轴承布置方案进行讨论研究,同时运用手工计算和有限元分析相结合的方法对水龙头的主要零部件进行强度校核,并且进行可靠性分析,以满足API以及石油行业的标准和规范。

关键词:钻采机械;水龙头;强度校核;有限元分析

中图分类号:TE922 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1003-5168(2018)04-045-02

Analysis and Calculation of the Structure of a Vehicle Driller

Based on the Finite Element Method

LIU Dongliang GU JiJun

(China University of Petroleum,Beijing 100000)

Abstract: Oil drilling rig is a set of combined units for oil and gas exploration and development. The faucet is the key part of the three systems of the combined lifting, rotating and circulating system on the oil rig. The bearing and other main parts of the faucet must meet certain design requirements such as strength and rigidity. The structure characteristics and working principle of the faucet were introduced. The structure of SL225 water faucet was designed and analyzed with the example of the faucet. The bearing layout scheme was discussed. Meanwhile, manual calculation and finite element analysis were combined to check the strength of the main parts of the faucet, and the reliability analysis was carried out to meet the requirements of API and the standards and specifications of the petroleum industry.

Keywords: drilling machinery; faucet; strength checking; finite element analysis

鉆井技术快速发展,带动了石油机械行业的发展,也就对钻机技术提出了新的要求和期望。水龙头是石油钻机、修井机的一个非常重要的部件。作为钻机提升系统设备、旋转系统设备、循环系统设备三大系统的一个非常关键的过渡部件,它上部通过提环与大钩相连,下部通过中心管与方钻杆相连。在钻井过程中,中心管是由方钻杆带动的,它本身不能主动旋转。水龙头上的鹅颈管与水龙带相连接,在钻井过程中,中心管与钻具相连形成泥浆循环通道。水龙头在石油钻机、修井机等设备上有重要作用:承受全部套管和钻柱的重量,向井下引输高压钻井液[1]。

本文以SL225水龙头型号为例,介绍SL225水龙头的结构和工作原理,讨论确定轴承的布置方案(扶正轴承和防跳轴承),然后对壳体、鹅颈管等零件使用手工计算和有限元应力分析相结合的方法共同分析。……

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