韩笑宇　王高升　张琛霞　罗雅丹

摘 要：研究了玉米秸秆高得率浆细小组分的机械处理及其对废纸浆的增强效果。玉米秸秆的细小组分以薄壁细胞、导管等杂细胞为主，采用高剪切乳化机和高压均质机机械处理后，其中的杂细胞形态改变，粒径变小，并碎裂为纤丝状。经过机械处理的细小组分对废纸浆的增强效果优于未处理细小组分，当高压均质处理的细小组分用量10%时，相对于未添加细小组分的纸张，抗张指数增加了38.1%、环压指数增加了20.3%、耐破指数增加了44.4%。杂细胞经过机械处理后，原有的方形、圆形和棒形等形态破裂而演变成纤丝状，能更均匀地填充在纸张纤维之间，增加了纤维间的结合面积，从而提高纸张强度。

关键词：玉米秸秆；细小组分；机械处理；废纸浆

中图分类号：TS743+.3

文献标识码：A

DOI：10.11980/j.issn.0254.508X.2018.06.005

Abstract：Fines frationated from corn stover high yield pulp were funther treated using mechanical action， and effect of the treated fines on strength of recycled paper was studied in the paper. The fines mainly contained nonfibrous cells， such as parenchyma cells and vessels， et al. The nonfibrous cells were broken into fibrilla and smaller particles after mechanical treatment with high shear emulsification machine or high pressure homogenizer. It was proved that the enhancement effects of mechanically treated fines with a certain amount addition on recycled paper were more significant than untreated fines. When 10% homogenized fines was added into recycled paper， tensile index increased by 38.1%， ring crush index increased by 20.3% and burst index increased by 44.4% compared with the control. The reason of effectively improving the papers strength was that the fibrous fines could be more evenly filled in between the fibers and increased the binding area between the fibers.

Key words：corn stover； fines； mechanical treatment； recycled fiber

2016年，中国作为全球最大的纸张消费国和生产国，纸浆消耗总量达9797万t，其中废纸浆6329万t，占纸浆消耗总量65%（进口废纸浆占24%、国内废纸浆占41%）[1]。废纸浆一般用于生产包装纸和纸板，如瓦楞原纸、箱纸板、白纸板等。废纸的回用使得纤维超微结构改变，不但纤维表面性质发生变化，而且纤维润胀能力降低、可塑性下降，导致纤维品质劣化，抄造的纸张紧度较小，抗张强度、耐破强度等性能低。随着废纸循环次数的增加，纤维性能随之不断衰变，抄造纸张的性能下降，回用纤维不能无限次的应用于造纸中[2.3]。纸张的强度是单根纤维及纤维之间氢键结合力所决定的。磨浆是增强纸张强度常用的方法[4.5]，但磨浆时的机械作用会使废纸浆纤维遭到更大程度的破坏。……