高同福

摘 要：腐蚀作为石油管失效的三大主要形式之一，在“石油管工程”中占有十分重要的位置。失效统计结果表明，70%的失效和腐蚀有关。根据中国腐蚀协会、中国石油协会、中国化工协会发布的资料，在石油和石化行业，由腐蚀造成的损失约占行业总产值的6%，而且油气田的腐蚀事故经常造成重大经济损失，包括灾难性事故和环境污染。可见，加强腐蚀与防护研究可为石油工业带来巨大经济效益。目前，虽然H2S/CO2对集输管材腐蚀问题已经引起了各个油田以及研究院所的重视，并开展了相应的防腐蚀研究，但由于H2S/CO2腐蚀规律受环境条件影响较大，不同油气特性和集输工况会引发不同形式及程度的腐蚀破坏。因此，所采取的防护措施也往往因各油田的特定生产和集输条件的不同而存在较大差别。

关键词：内腐蚀监测；防护技术；气田

中图分类号：TE980 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5168（2018）08-0070-04

Application of Internal Corrosion Monitoring and Protection

Technology in Yanchang Gas Field

GAO Tongfu

（Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum （Group） Co.， Ltd. Exploration Company，Yanan Shaanxi 716000）

Abstract： Corrosion， as one of the three main forms of oil pipe failure， plays a very important role in "oil pipe engineering". According to the failure statistics analysis， 70% failure is related to corrosion. According to the information issued by the China corrosion Association， the China Petroleum Association and the China Chemical Industry Association， in the petroleum and petrochemical industries， the losses caused by corrosion account for about 6% of the total output value of the industry， and the corrosion accidents in oil and gas fields often cause significant economic losses， including catastrophic and environmental pollution. It can be seen that strengthening the research of corrosion and protection can bring huge economic benefits for the petroleum industry. At present， although the corrosion problem of H2S/CO2 has aroused the attention of various oil fields and research institutes， and the corresponding corrosion prevention research has been carried out， but the corrosion law of H2S/CO2 is greatly influenced by the environmental conditions， and the different characteristics of oil and gas and the loading condition will lead to the different form and degree of corrosion damage. Therefore， the protective measures adopted are often different because of the specific production and gathering conditions in different oilfields.

Keywords： internal corrosion monitoring；protection technology；gas field

氣田采出水成分十分复杂，通常含有大量的残油、机杂、有机质、微生物、腐蚀成垢因子及其他无机离子，且矿化度很高，一般为8 000～100 000mg/L。尤其在酸性气田的采出地层水中，含有大量侵蚀性很强的离子，导致井筒和地面集输管线产生严重的腐蚀。由于这些油田采出水通常都在油气田集输管网及设备内流动存贮，油田采出水中的腐蚀和促进腐蚀性因子接触到的都是油田管网和设备内壁，因此会导致管网内壁腐蚀，致使管网从内向外发生腐蚀穿孔，使在役油田管网失效，造成重大经济损失和严重社会危害。……